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ECIA™ HLA Tissue Typing Service

Background HLA Tissue Typing Published Data FAQ Resources

Background

From individuals to exogenous agents, such as drugs, vaccines, immune responses are affected by the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) tissue type. The variation of HLA genes takes an essential role in HLA’s function in regulating the immune response. Many diseases are also associated with specific HLA types. In the field of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the selection of donors includes a rigorous assessment of the HLA match status to the recipient. Hence, it will be of great importance for the researchers to make an accurate and precise interpretation of the HLA genes information through HLA typing. If you are conducting a clinical trial, establishing the tissue type of your donor sample is also a key step. And bringing your test results together with the sample HLA type will provide you the most valuable explanation of the experiment.

ECIA™ HLA Tissue Typing Service

Creative Biolabs provides you the most outstanding and highly accurate HLA tissue typing service, which meets specific requirements in sequencing resolution, time, budget, and research objectives. Based on the advanced technical background and rich clinical experience, our comprehensive ECIA™ HLA tissue typing Service offers serological methods, PCR-SSO, PCR-SSP, PCR-SBT, and NGS technologies to help customers acquire complicated HLA allele information for both academic research and clinical application.

ECIA™ HLA tissue typing service offers a mature and efficient technical system, which consists of sequence-specific oligonucleotide (PCR-SSO) technology, sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP) technology, sequencing-based typing (PCR-SBT) and the next-generation sequencing (NGS). Compared to traditional serological typing, these methods have better accuracy and sensitivity.

Sequence-specific oligonucleotide (PCR-SSO): The isotopic or non-radiolabeled probe is used to hybridize the target fragment resulted from PCR amplification to determine the individual genotype based on the positive spot. A variety of different probes are firstly immobilized on the same membrane, and the PCR product is in turn hybridized to the probe after labeled. This method has the advantages of high sensitivity, specificity, and low sample size.

Sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP): HLA-specific amplification products are obtained by PCR and analyzed by electrophoresis to determine the HLA type. This method is very useful and cost-effective for clinical application.

Sequencing-based typing (PCR-SBT): Based on the sequencing results of gene polymorphism regions, this method could provide characteristics the HLA alleles with high precision.

The next-generation sequencing (NGS): Combined with clonal amplification, this method could provide phase information and sequence larger regions of genes, and has been proved to be a cost-efficient HLA typing strategy.

Tips:

Structure of MHC (HLA) I and II Molecules Fig.1 Structure of MHC (HLA) I and II Molecules.

Other optional ECIA™ cellular analysis services:

Published Data

Fig. 2 DNA concentrations throughout the AllType workflow. (Chang Liu, 2020)

The study evaluates a multiplexed amplicon-based next-generation sequencing assay for HLA typing called the AllType assay, using 218 genetically diverse samples. The significance lies in demonstrating the assay's high concordance with reference HLA typing results, confirming its reliability and efficiency for clinical use. Specifically, the assay achieved concordance rates of 98.6%, 99.8%, and 99.9% at the sample, genotype, and allele levels respectively. The application of HLA Tissue Typing in this study involves using a streamlined multiplex PCR strategy to amplify 11 transplant-relevant HLA genes simultaneously, simplifying the workflow without compromising typing accuracy. This approach enhances the efficiency of HLA typing necessary for evaluating donor-recipient compatibility in transplant settings, representing a significant advancement in the field of transplant immunology.

Reference
  1. Liu, Chang, et al. "Performance of a multiplexed amplicon-based next-generation sequencing assay for HLA typing." PLoS One 15.4 (2020): e0232050.

FAQ

  1. What is HLA tissue typing?

    HLA tissue typing is a laboratory procedure that identifies specific proteins on the surface of cells, known as human leukocyte antigens (HLA), which play a critical role in the immune system. This typing is essential for determining compatibility between organ donors and recipients to minimize the risk of transplant rejection.

  2. How is HLA tissue typing performed?

    HLA tissue typing is typically performed using methods like serological typing, sequence-specific primer (SSP) PCR, sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) probes, and sequence-based typing (SBT). These methods detect the specific HLA alleles present in an individual's DNA, providing a precise genetic match for transplantation.

  3. What are the common applications of HLA tissue typing besides transplantation?

    Besides transplantation, HLA tissue typing is used in disease association studies, pharmacogenomics, and forensic medicine. It helps in identifying genetic susceptibility to various autoimmune diseases, predicting drug response based on HLA type, and resolving cases of disputed identity or paternity.

  4. How accurate is HLA tissue typing?

    HLA tissue typing is highly accurate, especially with the advancements in molecular techniques such as sequence-based typing, which offers high-resolution results. These techniques can define HLA alleles to the allele level, significantly enhancing matching accuracy and reducing the likelihood of rejection.

  5. What advancements have been made in HLA tissue typing?

    Recent advancements in HLA tissue typing include the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, which provide comprehensive coverage of HLA genes and high-resolution typing. This allows for more detailed and accurate analysis, improving the matching process for transplants and identifying more complex HLA alleles.

Resources

Use the resources in our library to help you understand your options and make critical decisions for your study.

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