<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/" > <channel> <title>Creative Biolabs NHP Biologicals Blog</title> <atom:link href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" /> <link>https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals</link> <description></description> <lastBuildDate>Fri, 25 Oct 2024 03:59:44 +0000</lastBuildDate> <language>en-US</language> <sy:updatePeriod> hourly </sy:updatePeriod> <sy:updateFrequency> 1 </sy:updateFrequency> <generator>https://wordpress.org/?v=6.3.1</generator> <image> <url>https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/cropped-favicon-1-32x32.png</url> <title>Creative Biolabs NHP Biologicals Blog</title> <link>https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals</link> <width>32</width> <height>32</height> </image> <item> <title>Non-Human Primate (NHP) Plasma: A Critical Tool in Biomedical Research</title> <link>https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/non-human-primate-nhp-plasma-a-critical-tool-in-biomedical-research/</link> <dc:creator><![CDATA[biolabs]]></dc:creator> <pubDate>Fri, 25 Oct 2024 03:59:44 +0000</pubDate> <category><![CDATA[Research Based on NHP (Non-human Primate)]]></category> <category><![CDATA[Cynomolgus monkey]]></category> <category><![CDATA[NHP Plasma]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/?p=72</guid> <description><![CDATA[Non-human primate (NHP) plasma has become a cornerstone in biomedical research, driving breakthroughs across various fields. Species like macaques, baboons, and marmosets are crucial for research due to their close physiological similarities<a class="moretag" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/non-human-primate-nhp-plasma-a-critical-tool-in-biomedical-research/">Read More...</a>]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-plasma-68.htm">Non-human primate (NHP) plasma</a></span> has become a cornerstone in biomedical research, driving breakthroughs across various fields. Species like macaques, <a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/search?key=Baboon&ty=tag"><span style="color: #0000ff;">baboons</span></a>, and <a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/search?key=Marmoset&ty=tag">marmosets</a> are crucial for research due to their close physiological similarities to humans. The plasma obtained from these primates offers valuable insights into human biology, fueling advancements in infectious disease research, neuroscience, drug development, and vaccine innovation.</p> <p><strong>Why NHP Plasma Matters</strong></p> <p><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/">Non-human primates</a> </span>share many genetic and physiological traits with humans, making their plasma a unique resource for understanding human body functions. Researchers rely on it to study immune responses, drug interactions, and inflammation. Take the cynomolgus macaque, for example—its plasma contains biomarkers almost identical to those found in humans. This makes the data from such studies highly relevant, bridging the gap between animal models and human trials. Using NHP plasma helps minimize risks and boosts the safety of clinical trials by offering reliable early-stage data.</p> <p><strong>Where NHP Plasma Makes the Biggest Impact</strong></p> <p><strong>1. Infectious Disease Research</strong></p> <p>NHP plasma plays a critical role in studying viruses and evaluating vaccine effectiveness. During the COVID-19 pandemic, primate models were instrumental in testing vaccines and antiviral treatments. The plasma samples collected from infected or vaccinated animals provided insight into viral loads, antibody levels, and immune system responses. These studies provided essential clues for predicting human outcomes and fine-tuning treatment strategies.</p> <p><strong>2. Drug Discovery and Pharmacokinetics (PK)</strong></p> <p>When developing new drugs, understanding how they behave in the body is crucial—and that’s where NHP plasma comes in. Analyzing plasma helps researchers determine how a drug is absorbed, metabolized, and eliminated. This data is essential for setting safe dosing guidelines before advancing to human trials.</p> <p><strong>3. Neuroscience and Brain Health Research</strong></p> <p>In the field of neuroscience, NHP plasma offers insights into complex brain disorders like Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and epilepsy. By tracking specific biomarkers in plasma, researchers can monitor how these conditions develop and evolve. Coupled with tools like MRI and EEG, plasma studies provide a fuller picture of disease progression, helping scientists develop more precise treatments.</p> <p><strong>4. Vaccine Development and Immune Research</strong></p> <p>NHP models are vital for evaluating new vaccines before they reach humans. Plasma samples from these animals reveal how well a vaccine triggers neutralizing antibodies and cytokine responses, giving researchers the data they need to fine-tune formulations and ensure maximum effectiveness.</p> <p><strong>Why NHP Plasma Is Preferred Over Other Models</strong></p> <p>While rodents are often used in research, they can’t always replicate the complexities of human biology. For studies that require detailed immune responses—like those involving viruses such as Ebola or Zika—NHP plasma offers a more accurate model.</p> <p>Researchers are also refining methods to make these studies more efficient and ethical. Advanced techniques, such as multiplex assays, allow scientists to analyze multiple biomarkers from smaller plasma samples, reducing the need for animal testing. These efforts align with the “3Rs” principle: Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement, aimed at minimizing animal use while maximizing research quality.</p> <p><strong>Ethics and Innovation: Finding the Right Balance</strong></p> <p>Using NHP plasma comes with ethical responsibilities. Researchers must follow strict guidelines to ensure the humane treatment of animals, adhering to protocols designed to minimize pain and stress. Many institutions are also exploring alternatives, such as organ-on-chip systems and computational models, to complement NHP research and reduce animal involvement where possible.</p> <p><strong>What the Future Holds for NHP Plasma Research</strong></p> <p>Looking forward, NHP plasma will continue to play a pivotal role, especially as the focus shifts toward medicine and personalized therapies. Advances in molecular research will rely heavily on accurate models like NHPs to bridge the gap between early findings and clinical application.</p> <p>Emerging technologies such as high-resolution mass spectrometry and omics platforms will further enhance the value of NHP plasma. These tools promise deeper insights into disease pathways and will help researchers develop even more targeted therapies and customized treatments.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p> <p>NHP plasma is a game-changing resource in biomedical research, pushing innovation in areas like infectious disease, neuroscience, drug discovery, and vaccine development. Its close alignment with human biology makes it invaluable for producing meaningful, reliable data, which in turn boosts the success of preclinical research.</p> <p>However, as we move forward, balancing scientific progress with ethical responsibility is crucial. By following strict animal welfare guidelines and leveraging new technologies, researchers can continue to benefit from NHP plasma while ensuring the humane treatment of the animals involved.</p> <p>As the field evolves, NHP plasma will remain an essential tool for developing safer, more effective treatments that improve human health.</p> <p><strong>Explore Creative Biolabs’ Premium Non-Human Primate Plasma Products</strong></p> <p>In biomedical research, non-human primate (NHP) plasma is a vital component, renowned for its rich content of growth factors, cytokines, and essential proteins. At Creative Biolabs, we proudly present our meticulously curated series of <a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-plasma-68.htm"><span style="color: #0000ff;">monkey plasma products</span></a>, designed to support your research needs with the utmost quality and consistency.</p> <p>Our NHP plasma products have diverse applications, from regenerative medicine and tissue engineering to cell culture, making them invaluable in various experimental setups. Utilizing our high-grade monkey plasma can enhance the reliability of your assays and improve the outcomes of your studies.</p> <p>Here’s a list of the premium NHP plasma products we offer:</p> <ul> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-plasma-101.htm"><strong>Cynomolgus Monkey Plasma</strong></a></span><strong> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP010)</strong></li> <li><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/rhesus-monkey-plasma-102.htm"><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Rhesus Monkey Plasma</span></strong></a><strong> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP011)</strong></li> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/african-green-monkey-plasma-103.htm"><strong>African Green Monkey Plasm</strong></a></span><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">a</span> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP012)</strong></li> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/baboon-plasma-104.htm"><strong>Baboon Plasma</strong></a></span><strong> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP013)</strong></li> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/chimpanzee-plasma-105.htm"><strong>Chimpanzee Plasma</strong></a></span><strong> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP014)</strong></li> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/squirrel-monkey-plasma-107.htm"><strong>Squirrel Monkey Plasma</strong></a></span><strong> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP016)</strong></li> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/marmoset-plasma-108.htm"><strong>Marmoset Plasma</strong></a></span><strong> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP017)</strong></li> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cebus-plasma-109.htm"><strong>Cebus Plasma</strong></a></span><strong> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP018)</strong></li> </ul> <p>Whether you require specific quantities or custom formulations, we are committed to meeting your unique research requirements. Order now to experience the benefits of our NHP plasma products in your research endeavors!</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item> <title>Non-Human Primate Serum: A Crucial Resource for Biomedical Research</title> <link>https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/non-human-primate-serum-a-crucial-resource-for-biomedical-research/</link> <dc:creator><![CDATA[biolabs]]></dc:creator> <pubDate>Sun, 15 Sep 2024 05:15:02 +0000</pubDate> <category><![CDATA[Research Based on NHP (Non-human Primate)]]></category> <category><![CDATA[NHP serum]]></category> <category><![CDATA[rhesus monkey serum]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/?p=68</guid> <description><![CDATA[Non-human primate (NHP) serum is an indispensable tool for biomedical research, used extensively in various scientific applications, including immunology, virology, neuroscience, and metabolic studies. Obtained from the blood of primates such as<a class="moretag" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/non-human-primate-serum-a-crucial-resource-for-biomedical-research/">Read More...</a>]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-serum-67.htm">Non-human primate (NHP) serum</a> </span>is an indispensable tool for biomedical research, used extensively in various scientific applications, including immunology, virology, neuroscience, and metabolic studies. Obtained from the blood of primates such as rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys, NHP serum mirrors many aspects of human physiology, making it essential for preclinical research and drug development. Its relevance lies not only in the complex biochemical composition but also in its ability to foster translational research, bridging experimental outcomes from animal models to potential human applications.</p> <p><strong>Composition and Biological Characteristics of NHP Serum</strong></p> <p>NHP serum contains a myriad of biologically active molecules, including proteins, antibodies, hormones, lipids, and electrolytes. Processed to remove cells, the serum retains these soluble factors, making it an ideal medium for various experimental applications. A key feature of NHP serum is its similarity to human biological fluids, allowing researchers to extrapolate findings from primate studies to human conditions.</p> <p>The biochemical composition of NHP serum can vary depending on the species and the specific health status of the donor animals. For example, <a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/rhesus-monkey-serum-93.htm"><span style="color: #0000ff;">rhesus monkey serum</span></a> is known for its robust immune profile, making it suitable for immunological studies, while cynomolgus monkey serum is frequently used in pharmacokinetics and drug metabolism research. These variations allow scientists to tailor their choice of serum to the specific needs of their studies, enhancing the reliability and applicability of research outcomes.</p> <p><strong>Applications of NHP Serum in Scientific Research</strong></p> <p>The versatility of NHP serum is reflected in its wide range of applications across multiple scientific disciplines:</p> <ol> <li><strong> Immunology and Vaccine Development:</strong><br /> NHP serum is integral to immunological studies, providing a medium to investigate immune responses to vaccines and infections. It is particularly useful in preclinical trials for testing the efficacy of vaccines against viral pathogens such as HIV, influenza, and emerging zoonotic diseases. The antibodies present in the serum help researchers monitor immune responses, facilitating the evaluation of vaccine candidates before clinical trials.</li> <li><strong> Cell Culture and Tissue Engineering:</strong><br /> In cell culture studies, NHP serum serves as a supplement to growth media, promoting the proliferation and maintenance of cells that require complex nutritional environments. It is especially useful in primary cell cultures and tissue engineering applications, where human-like growth factors are needed to sustain cell viability. NHP serum is also employed in stem cell research, enhancing the differentiation and maturation of pluripotent cells into specialized tissues.</li> <li><strong> Metabolomics and Biomarker Discovery:</strong><br /> Advanced metabolomic studies utilize NHP serum to analyze metabolic changes associated with diseases. Techniques such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) enable researchers to identify and quantify small metabolites in the serum, revealing insights into disease mechanisms and potential biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. Such studies are crucial for understanding the metabolic profiles of disorders like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative conditions.</li> <li><strong> Infectious Disease Research:</strong><br /> NHP models are instrumental in studying infectious diseases with cross-species transmission potential, such as COVID-19, Ebola, and the Zika virus. Serum from infected primates provides valuable information about viral dynamics, immune responses, and the effectiveness of antiviral therapies. It is also used to test the safety and efficacy of new drugs and vaccines in NHP models before advancing to human trials.</li> </ol> <p><strong>Ethical and Quality Control Considerations</strong></p> <p>The use of NHP serum in research is governed by stringent ethical and quality control measures. Providers of NHP serum, such as BioChemed Services, ensure that the serum is tested for pathogens like the Herpes B virus to maintain safety standards in laboratory environments. These quality checks are critical to prevent contamination and ensure the reliability of experimental results.</p> <p>Ethical considerations are also a significant factor in the use of non-human primates for research. Institutions must adhere to animal welfare guidelines, ensuring that the animals are treated humanely and that their use is justified by potential scientific benefits. Research protocols involving NHP serum are subject to ethical review to minimize harm and stress to the animals, promoting responsible and sustainable research practices.</p> <p><strong>Emerging Trends and Future Directions</strong></p> <p>As research methodologies evolve, the use of NHP serum continues to expand. Recent advancements in personalized medicine and accuracy therapeutics have spurred interest in the application of NHP biologicals for studying individual responses to treatments. Additionally, the growing focus on zoonotic diseases has increased the demand for primate models and biologicals, including serum, to better understand and mitigate the risks of future pandemics.</p> <p>Technological innovations in bioanalytical techniques, such as high-resolution mass spectrometry and omics technologies, are enhancing the utility of NHP serum in research. These tools enable researchers to explore the molecular intricacies of diseases at unprecedented levels, facilitating the development of targeted therapies and personalized treatment strategies.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p> <p>Non-human primate serum is a cornerstone of biomedical research, contributing to significant advancements across multiple scientific fields. Its unique composition and similarity to human physiology make it an invaluable resource for immunology, infectious disease research, metabolomics, and cell culture studies. As research continues to evolve, the ethical sourcing and application of NHP biologicals will remain crucial, ensuring the responsible use of these materials to drive scientific innovation. By adhering to rigorous quality control standards and ethical guidelines, researchers can maximize the potential of NHP serum to improve human health and well-being.</p> <p>For those seeking high-quality NHP serum and other biologicals, Creative Biolabs offers a range of products tailored to meet the needs of the scientific community. Explore their offerings to find the right solutions for your research endeavors.</p> <p><strong>Explore Our Premium Non-Human Primate Serum Products for Your Research Needs</strong></p> <p>At Creative Biolabs, we are excited to present our high-quality Non-Human Primate (NHP) Serum Products, specifically tailored for a variety of research applications. Derived from carefully selected monkey species, our sera are rich in essential antibodies, antigens, and hormones that are crucial for advancing your studies in fields such as neuroscience, immunology, and virology.</p> <p>Our extensive range of NHP serum products includes:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-serum-92.htm"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Cynomolgus Monkey Serum</span></a> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP001)</li> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/rhesus-monkey-serum-93.htm">Rhesus Monkey Serum</a></span> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP002)</li> <li><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/african-green-monkey-serum-94.htm"><span style="color: #0000ff;">African Green Monkey Serum</span></a> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP003)</li> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/baboon-serum-95.htm">Baboon Serum</a></span> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP004)</li> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/chimpanzee-serum-96.htm">Chimpanzee Serum</a> </span>(Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP005)</li> <li><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/squirrel-monkey-serum-98.htm"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Squirrel Monkey Serum</span></a> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP007)</li> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/marmoset-serum-99.htm">Marmoset Serum</a> </span>(Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP008)</li> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cebus-serum-100.htm">Cebus Serum</a></span> (Cat<em>#</em>: NHP-BP009)</li> </ul> <p>With our commitment to quality and consistency, these products are ideal for cell culture studies, drug testing, and various assays. Trust Creative Biolabs to provide reliable and effective solutions for your research needs. Our NHP Biologicals are intended solely for research, diagnostic, or manufacturing purposes. Experience the difference in your research with our top-tier monkey serum products!</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item> <title>Exploring the Role of Cynomolgus Monkey PBMCs in Scientific Research</title> <link>https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/exploring-the-role-of-cynomolgus-monkey-pbmcs-in-scientific-research/</link> <dc:creator><![CDATA[biolabs]]></dc:creator> <pubDate>Wed, 14 Aug 2024 06:19:33 +0000</pubDate> <category><![CDATA[Research Based on NHP (Non-human Primate)]]></category> <category><![CDATA[Cynomolgus monkey]]></category> <category><![CDATA[PBMCs]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/?p=61</guid> <description><![CDATA[Introduction One of the most commonly-used nonhuman primate species, not only in toxicology but also other biomedical research fields, particularly neuroscience and infectious disease studies is Cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis), known as crab-eating<a class="moretag" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/exploring-the-role-of-cynomolgus-monkey-pbmcs-in-scientific-research/">Read More...</a>]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Introduction</p> <p>One of the most commonly-used nonhuman primate species, not only in toxicology but also other biomedical research fields, particularly neuroscience and infectious disease studies is Cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis), known as crab-eating macaque. PBMC or peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which consist of lymphocytes (T-lymphocytes / T-cells, B-lymphocytes/B-cells and natural killer cells) and monocytes occupy a central position in immunological studies. In this blog, you will learn about the latest scientific research and uses of Cynomolgus Monkey PBMCs.</p> <p>Recent Scientific Studies on <span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-pbmcs-175.htm">Cynomolgus Monkey PBMCs</a></span></p> <p>Effect of Cryopreservation on PBMCs: A recently study reported the effects of long-term cryopreservation on PBMCs using flow cytometry. Results showed significantly decreased cell recovery and viability with cryopreservation, the PBMCs were still within normal ranges after prolonged storage (6 months). The authors suggest that “cryopreserving samples would represent a reliable resource for clinical protocols and research projects”</p> <p>Immune cell heterogeneity and dynamics: Single-cell transcriptomic and regulomic mapping researches exposed a high level of heterogeneous trends in immune cells among Cynomolgus monkeys. One such study identified 72,284 immune-related cells from different tissues and organs that were sub-grouped into 13 major clusters depending on the gene signature. This tissue-specific immune cell atlas elucidates the roles of these cells along with underlying intercellular crosstalk that are essential for developing targeted therapies (Home).</p> <p>Commercial Availability and Uses</p> <p>Cynomolgus Monkey PBMCs are sold commercially for various research uses. Fresh whole blood is separated and density centrifuged to isolate these cells. They are essential especially for experiments in toxicology, pharmacology and immunology because of their pivotal favorable role with the cell mediated immunity or even humoral immunity. They are also adapted to tests and assays like cell-cell interaction, expressions analysis (PCR), immunofluorescent staining etc., showing them as a multipurpose in scientific research.</p> <p>Main Applications of Cynomolgus Monkey PBMC Immunological Studies: Due to the functional similarities between them with human immune cells, Cynomolgus Monkey PBMCs have proven useful in immunological research. They are harnessed for investigative study of immune responses, such as T cell activation and proliferation, cytokine profile production, regulatory functional aspects. This is facilitating our knowledge about the immune mechanisms and advancing immunotherapeutic strategies.</p> <p>Drug Development and Toxicology</p> <p>Because Cynomolgus monkeys are so genetically close to humans, their PBMCs are highly suitable for preclinical drug testing and toxicological risk assessment. These cells are a type of cell that researchers use to test whether new drugs (especially immunotherapies) work and which ones might be safest.</p> <p>Disease Modeling: In addition to autoimmunity, infectious diseases and cancer are examples of other fields where such PBMC-based disease models exist. Since PBMCs are easily collected from healthy and diseased animals, they provide an excellent choice for studying disease mechanisms of interest by gaining insights into potential therapeutic targets using this non-invasive model.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Cynomolgus Monkey PBMCs are a vital resource across biomedical research, helping researchers to study immune function and disease mechanisms. Continuing progress on cryopreservation, single-cell analysis and increased commercial availability further widens their utility in scientific research. These PBMCs will remain a vital part of the process for new therapies and our full understanding of human health and disease as research continues.</p> <p>Creative Biolabs offers a comprehensive NHP (Non-human Primate) biologicals, including Primary cells, biofluids, Tissues, nucleic acid, antibodies and custom services. Here is a simple list of our products and service.</p> <p><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/rhesus-monkey-pbmcs-176.htm">Rhesus Monkey PBMCs <span class="catNo">(NHP-PC002)</span></a></span></p> <p><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-nhp-immortalized-gfp-expressing-cells-1129.htm"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Immortalized GFP-Expressing NHP Cell Products</span></a></p> <p><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-gfp-expressing-cells-1132.htm"><span style="color: #0000ff;">GFP Expressing Non-Human Primate (NHP) Cell Products</span></a></p> <p><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-cas9-expressing-cells-1135.htm">Cas9 Expressing Non-Human Primate (NHP) Cell Products</a></span></p> <div class="pro-show-unit"></div> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item> <title>The Latest Advances in Non-Human Primate Research: Insights and Implications</title> <link>https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/the-latest-advances-in-non-human-primate-research-insights-and-implications/</link> <dc:creator><![CDATA[biolabs]]></dc:creator> <pubDate>Wed, 03 Jul 2024 05:46:53 +0000</pubDate> <category><![CDATA[Research Based on NHP (Non-human Primate)]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/?p=54</guid> <description><![CDATA[The field of non-human primate (NHP) research has seen remarkable advancements, particularly in genetics, neuroscience, and evolutionary biology. These developments not only enhance our understanding of primate biology but also provide valuable<a class="moretag" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/the-latest-advances-in-non-human-primate-research-insights-and-implications/">Read More...</a>]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The field of <a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-nhp-immortalized-cells-1128.htm"><span style="color: #0000ff;">non-human primate (NHP)</span></a> research has seen remarkable advancements, particularly in genetics, neuroscience, and evolutionary biology. These developments not only enhance our understanding of primate biology but also provide valuable insights into human health and disease. Here’s an overview of the latest findings and their significance.</p> <p><strong>Breakthroughs in Chromosome Sequencing</strong></p> <p>Researchers have achieved the first complete sequencing of chromosomes in non-human primates. This achievement has uncovered significant variations, particularly in the Y chromosomes of different species. These variations are crucial for understanding fertility-related genes and the rapid evolution of sex chromosomes. The study highlights the dynamic nature of the Y chromosome and its impact on male mutation bias due to the higher replication rate during sperm production. Such findings are pivotal for evolutionary biology and conservation genetics, as they provide deeper insights into genetic diversity and the evolutionary pressures faced by endangered <a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-by-nhp-species-66.htm"><span style="color: #0000ff;">primate species</span></a>.</p> <p><strong>Evolutionary Insights from Primate Genomes</strong></p> <p>New primate chromosome maps have shed light on human evolution by demonstrating the evolution of specific genetic elements across species. For example, the study of DNA palindromes on the X and Y chromosomes has highlighted their role in protecting essential genes, particularly on the vulnerable Y chromosome, which is more susceptible to mutations due to its singular presence in cells. This research has also identified previously unknown species-specific satellite sequences, opening new avenues for exploring genomic organization and evolution in great apes.</p> <p><strong>Increased Funding and Its Impact</strong></p> <p>The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the importance of NHPs in biomedical research, leading to a significant boost in funding for research involving these animals. This financial support aims to enhance research facilities and ensure a consistent supply of primates for studies. This influx of resources is expected to accelerate discoveries across various fields, including infectious diseases, neuroscience, and genetic engineering.</p> <p><strong>Technological Advancements in Neuroscience</strong></p> <p>NHPs are pivotal in neuroscience research, particularly for studying brain function and developing treatments for neurological disorders. Advanced imaging techniques like fMRI and PET scans, alongside genetic engineering tools, enable scientists to observe and manipulate neural circuits in real-time. These studies are essential for translating findings from primates to human applications, especially in conditions like aphasia and other language-related disorders.</p> <p><strong>Ethical Considerations and the 3Rs</strong></p> <p>NHP research adheres to stringent ethical regulations aimed at ensuring humane treatment. Central to these efforts are the principles of the 3Rs—Replace, Reduce, Refine. Researchers strive to minimize the use of animals by enhancing experimental protocols to maximize data yield from fewer subjects and exploring alternative models wherever feasible. Global initiatives now facilitate data sharing among neuroscientists, allowing for larger datasets without increasing the number of primates used in experiments.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p> <p>Recent advancements in non-human primate research are driving significant scientific breakthroughs. From detailed chromosome sequencing and evolutionary insights to enhanced funding and technological innovations in neuroscience, these developments are integral to our understanding of primate and human biology. Moreover, ethical considerations and the implementation of the 3Rs ensure that research is conducted responsibly, balancing scientific progress with animal welfare. As exploration continues into primate genomes and brain function complexities, the contributions of NHP research remain invaluable to broader scientific community and public health.</p> <h4>Recommended Products from Creative Biolabs</h4> <p>Creative Biolabs offers a comprehensive section of high-quality biological products tailored to support NHP studies. Our range includes <a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-serum-67.htm"><span style="color: #0000ff;">NHP serum</span></a>, <a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-plasma-68.htm"><span style="color: #0000ff;">NHP</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">plasma</span></a><span style="color: #0000ff;">,</span> and <a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-tissues-194.htm"><span style="color: #0000ff;">NHP tissues</span>,</a> essential for applications in immunology, virology, and pharmacology research. Each product adheres to stringent quality standards, ensuring reliability and reproducibility in experimental outcomes. By utilizing these top-tier products, researchers can advance their studies with confidence and contribute to the expanding field of NHP research. A simple list of our hot products as follows:</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="277">CAT No</td> <td width="277">Product Name</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="277">NHP-PC001</td> <td width="277"><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-pbmcs-175.htm">Cynomolgus Monkey PBMCs</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="277"><span class="catNo">NHP-BF020</span></td> <td width="277"><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-cerebrospinal-fluid-csf-138.htm">Cynomolgus Monkey Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="277"><span class="catNo">NHP-PC002</span></td> <td width="277"><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/rhesus-monkey-pbmcs-176.htm">Rhesus Monkey PBMCs</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="277"><span class="catNo">NHFF-1123-HX437</span></td> <td width="277"><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/immortalized-monkey-primary-aortic-fibroblasts-1712.htm">Immortalized Monkey Primary Aortic Fibroblasts</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="277"><span class="catNo">NHFF-1123-HX438</span></td> <td width="277"><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/immortalized-monkey-primary-aortic-smooth-muscle-cells-1713.htm">Immortalized Monkey Primary Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells</a></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item> <title>Cynomolgus Monkey Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): A Key Biomaterial in Neuroscience and Drug Delivery Research</title> <link>https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-cerebrospinal-fluid-csf-a-key-biomaterial-in-neuroscience-and-drug-delivery-research/</link> <dc:creator><![CDATA[biolabs]]></dc:creator> <pubDate>Sat, 22 Jun 2024 09:44:09 +0000</pubDate> <category><![CDATA[Research Based on NHP (Non-human Primate)]]></category> <category><![CDATA[Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)]]></category> <category><![CDATA[Cynomolgus monkey]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/?p=65</guid> <description><![CDATA[Cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) are among the most widely used non-human primates in biomedical research, especially in experiments focused on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This fluid is crucial for maintaining central nervous system<a class="moretag" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-cerebrospinal-fluid-csf-a-key-biomaterial-in-neuroscience-and-drug-delivery-research/">Read More...</a>]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) are among the most widely used <span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/">non-human primates</a></span> in biomedical research, especially in experiments focused on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This fluid is crucial for maintaining central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, as it help<u>s</u> balance brain functions and protects neural tissues. Moreover, it contains important information about neurological health. The anatomical similarities between <span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/search?key=Rhesus%2520Monkey&ty=tag">macaque rhesus monkeys</a></span> and humans have made these animals important models for exploring physiological processes in the CNS as well as for testing on neuropathologies and intrathecal drug delivery systems.</p> <p><strong>Roles of </strong><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-cerebrospinal-fluid-csf-270.htm"><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Monkey Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)</span></strong></a><strong> in Structure and Function</strong></p> <p>Produced primarily by the choroid plexus in the rostral portions of the lateral and third ventricles, CSF is an essential part of CNS. It flows around inside the brain and spinal cord, protecting neural tissue by acting as a cushion, promoting intracranial homeostasis, and removing metabolic waste. It also serves as a medium to transport nutrients, hormones, and signaling molecules between various regions of the CNS.</p> <p>The analysis of CSF offers a non-invasive alternative to monitor the biochemical condition in preclinical research concerning CNS activities. The examination detects biomarkers for neurological diseases and changes in the chemical composition. It is also imperative to monitor the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of CNS-penetrating therapeutics, in which CSF samples are equally common utilitarian tools for a drug development program.</p> <p><strong>Cynomolgus Monkeys as the Perfect Model</strong></p> <p><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/search?key=Cynomolgus%2520Monkey&ty=tag"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Cynomolgus monkeys</span></a> are widely used as a non-human primate model because of their similarities in anatomy and physiology with humans. CNS structural features like brain size and CSF flow dynamics are similar to humans, enabling scientists to investigate human-like pathologies as well as drug delivery systems. The study provides information about the flow of CSF, the distribution of drugs inside it, and how diseases in the brain develop.</p> <p>Because there is an increasing trend in research using intrathecal drug delivery, this method has gained traction. Intrathecal administration is the direct injection of drugs into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bypassing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This strategy ensures more efficient delivery of large molecules with lower doses, helping reduce systemic side effects. This technique has been employed to test drugs like morphine and baclofen for managing pain and spasticity, thereby highlighting the applicability of this method in both preclinical and clinical perspectives.</p> <p><strong>Assessment of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): A Guide on How to Collect and Test It</strong></p> <p><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-cerebrospinal-fluid-csf-138.htm">Cerebrospinal fluid in cynomolgus monkeys</a> </span>is predominantly accessed from the lumbar region and the cisterna magna at the base of the brain. However, each method comes with its own benefits and obstacles. Although less invasive, lumbar puncture may yield lower volumes, while cisterna magna sampling provides more fluid but carries a higher risk of blood contamination. If the sample is top-quality, animals are sedated with ketamine, and aseptic procedures are followed.</p> <p>Advances in catheter port systems have further improved this CSF procedure for use in research settings. These systems allow for easily repeatable, minimally invasive sampling that animals tolerate well (leading to improved data quality). CSF samples allow for the measurement of biochemical markers, immune cells, and protein levels, which together provide comprehensive insights into CNS health status, including before-and-after intervention results.</p> <p><strong>MRI and Imaging-Based Metrics for CSF Dynamics</strong></p> <p>Among the most notable advances in CSF research are findings from MRI studies of circulation dynamics. MRI permits accurate quantitation of fluid flow throughout the CNS, providing detailed insights into the effects of cardiac and respiratory cycles on CSF movement. Oscillatory dynamics are critical to consider in optimizing drug delivery because they influence how therapeutics diffuse across the CNS.</p> <p>Recent studies in cynomolgus monkeys explored the effects of intrathecal catheters on cerebrospinal fluid flow. Because catheters disturb normal fluid flow in the intrathecal space, drug distribution may be affected. However, clinical results differ according to placement (e.g., cervical or lumbar spine), indicating the importance of catheter location for clinical applications.</p> <p><strong>Role in Neurological Diseases and Drug Delivery</strong></p> <p>The method has contributed significantly to the treatment of various neurological disorders by studying CSF in cynomolgus monkeys. Intrathecal delivery methods continue to be explored for diseases such as spinal muscular atrophy, leptomeningeal cancer, and chronic pain disorders. Intrathecal drugs target the CNS more directly by bypassing the BBB, enabling faster relief and increased potency.</p> <p>In addition to drug delivery, CSF studies have been instrumental in the diagnosis and monitoring of neurodegenerative diseases, CNS infections, and cancerous tumors localized within the CNS. Biomarkers found in CSF may provide early detection of diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and multiple sclerosis, facilitating early intervention therapies.</p> <p><strong>Ethical and Legal Challenges</strong></p> <p>Despite its advantages, cynomolgus monkeys present challenges in research, particularly with respect to ethical considerations and animal welfare. Ethical guidelines require researchers to promote animal well-being, minimize pain, and pursue alternatives when possible. The adoption of catheter port systems and minimally invasive procedures marks a step toward enhancing animal welfare in research.</p> <p>Additionally, variations in CSF dynamics between animals necessitate robust methodologies for experiments and data interpretation. Differences in age, sex, and health can influence fluid composition and flow, adding complexity to preclinical research.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions — Future Directions in </strong><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-cerebrospinal-fluid-csf-138.htm"><strong>Cynomolgus Monkeys CSF</strong></a></span><strong> Research</strong></p> <p>The evolution of CSF research now requires advanced imaging methods, more economical and less invasive delivery systems, and novel biomarker discoveries. Future developments in MRI technology will enhance spatial and temporal tracking of fluid dynamics, increasing our understanding of drug transport within the CNS. Identifying disease-specific biomarkers in CSF will be key to personalized therapy and early diagnosis of neurological disorders.</p> <p>Cynomolgus monkeys remain a critical species for studying CSF dynamics and drug delivery. Their contributions to biomedical science have deepened our understanding of the CNS and highlighted new therapeutic targets. As research progresses, the focus will remain on refining techniques, ensuring ethical practices, and translating findings into clinical applications that benefit human health.</p> <p>These contributions underscore the importance of CSF research using cynomolgus monkeys, demonstrating the invaluable role of non-human primates in advancing medical science. For more detailed information, readers can explore additional research publications.</p> <p><strong>Revolutionize Your Neuroscientific Research with Premium CSF Products from Creative Biolabs</strong></p> <p>Creative Biolabs offers comprehensive non-human primate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Whether your research delves into neurodegenerative diseases or aims to unlock foundational neural mysteries, our high-quality CSF samples serve as the cornerstone for pioneering discoveries.</p> <p><strong>Our Top-Tier CSF Offerings Include:</strong></p> <ul> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-cerebrospinal-fluid-csf-138.htm"><strong>Cynomolgus Monkey CSF</strong></a></span><br /> Known for its remarkable physiological resemblance to human CSF, this sample is essential for research with high translational impact, especially in neurodegenerative and neural functions.</li> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/rhesus-monkey-cerebrospinal-fluid-csf-125.htm"><strong>Rhesus Monkey CSF</strong></a></span><br /> Renowned for its consistency and experimental reliability, Rhesus CSF is pivotal in various experimental setups, ensuring the reproducibility and credibility of neurological studies.</li> <li><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a style="color: #0000ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/african-green-monkey-cerebrospinal-fluid-csf-170.htm"><strong>African Green Monkey CSF</strong></a></span><br /> Offering unique biological characteristics, this product provides abundant research opportunities and insights beyond traditional models, expanding the scope of your studies.</li> </ul> <p>Elevate your neuroscience research with Creative Biolabs. Our state-of-the-art biological resources enable scientists to achieve landmark findings in life science domains. Reach out to us to learn how our specialized non-human primate CSF products can foster your next breakthrough.</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item> <title>Introduction to in vitro Applications of Cynomolgus Monkey samples (PBMC, plasma, serum, etc.)</title> <link>https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/in-vitro-applications-of-cynomolgus-monkey-samples/</link> <dc:creator><![CDATA[biolabs]]></dc:creator> <pubDate>Wed, 24 Apr 2024 05:43:56 +0000</pubDate> <category><![CDATA[Research Based on NHP (Non-human Primate)]]></category> <category><![CDATA[Cynomolgus monkey]]></category> <category><![CDATA[PBMCs]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/?p=48</guid> <description><![CDATA[What is a cynomolgus monkey? Cynomolgus monkeys, also known as long-tailed macaques, are non-human primates (NHPs) commonly used in biomedical research. The body length of an adult cynomolgus monkey is about 40–47<a class="moretag" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/in-vitro-applications-of-cynomolgus-monkey-samples/">Read More...</a>]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What is a cynomolgus monkey?</p> <p><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/search?key=Cynomolgus%2520Monkey&ty=tag"><span style="color: #3366ff;">Cynomolgus monkeys</span></a>, also known as long-tailed macaques, are non-human primates (NHPs) commonly used in biomedical research. The body length of an adult cynomolgus monkey is about 40–47 cm, and the tail length is 50–60 cm. Male cynomolgus monkeys weigh 5–7 kg, and the females generally weigh about 3–4 kg. They are also known as crab-eating macaques because of their habit of foraging for crabs and shellfish at the beach after low tide. Typically the life span of cynomolgus ranges between 25 and 30 years. Cynomolgus aged 19 to 31 months are termed juveniles, whereas those aged 32 to 44 months are called adolescents (not sexually mature). Cynomolgus monkeys reach sexual maturity at the ages of 4 for females and 6 for males.</p> <p>Causes of using cynomolgus monkeys in studies</p> <p>Due to their 90–93% genetic similarity to humans, cynomolgus monkeys can exhibit common age-related diseases in humans, such as cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, bone loss, knee osteoarthritis, obesity, diabetes, and diabetic complications. Cynomolgus monkeys are also widely used as animal models for allogeneic or xenografts. Researchers therefore believe that cynomolgus monkeys are an ideal model for basic research such as disease pathology, vaccine development, immunology, and cardiology. According to guidelines, cynomolgus monkeys are also used in the pharmaceutical industry for toxicology and efficacy studies in drug development.</p> <p>However, to conduct experiments on cynomolgus monkeys, the mechanism of the drug needs to be comprehensively considered. For example, HIV modeling failed due to a lack of AIDS progression in cynomolgus monkeys. For example, when developing anti-CD28 agonist antibodies, cynomolgus monkeys are a poor model because CD4+ T cells do not express CD28. Therefore, the high doses of antibodies used in toxicology studies have no effect on cynomolgus monkeys. While, when the antibodies are injected into the body, they can cause cytokine release syndrome, often with fatal side effects.</p> <p>But by conducting <em>in vitro</em> studies on cynomolgus monkey samples, such as<span style="color: #3366ff;"> <a style="color: #3366ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-pbmcs-175.htm">cynomolgus monkey peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs)</a></span> or<a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-whole-blood-110.htm"><span style="color: #3366ff;"> cynomolgus monkey whole blood</span></a>, researchers can gain some insight into whether the subsequent <em>in vivo</em> studies in humans would be beneficial.</p> <p><em>In vitro </em>applications of <span style="color: #3366ff;"><a style="color: #3366ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/search?key=Cynomolgus%2520Monkey&ty=tag">cynomolgus monkey samples</a> </span>(PBMC, serum, plasma, etc.)</p> <p><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-pbmcs-175.htm"><span style="color: #3366ff;">Cynomolgus monkey PBMC</span></a> can be applied to the study of the Fc-mediated functions of therapeutic antibodies, such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) assays. Studies on the efficacy of different human antibody subtypes in different cell types showed similar effector cells in human and cynomolgus monkey ADCC. At the same time, PBMC from cynomolgus monkeys can also be used as target cells for the ADCC assay. Rituximab is capable of performing ADCC on CD20-expressing <a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-cd20-b-cells-1268.htm"><span style="color: #3366ff;">cynomolgus monkey B cells</span></a>, so<em> in vivo</em> studies in cynomolgus monkeys showed B cell depletion when using rituximab. Appropriate reagents, such as control antibodies, must be used when performing these assays to ensure that the observed cytotoxicity is driven by the antibody/targeted antigen and not by some molecule unrelated to human effector cells.</p> <p>Although the functions of B cell proliferation and B cell antibody secretion in cynomolgus monkeys are relatively similar to those in humans, there are obvious differences in T cell proliferation and cytokine secretion between humans and cynomolgus monkeys. The immune response function of T cells in humans is stronger than that in cynomolgus monkeys. Therefore, the extrapolation of T cell toxicity evaluation from animal data to human data needs to be carefully considered. Studies have verified the comparison of T cell and B cell functions between humans and cynomolgus monkeys in three ways.</p> <p>(1) Monoclonal antibody-induced cytokine release test: Human and cynomolgus monkey PBMC cells were incubated with ANC28.1 (Anti-CD28 Mouse Mab) for 2h, 24h, and 48h, and then ELSIA detection of TNF-α and IFN-γ was performed.</p> <p>(2) T/B cell proliferation test: PBMC cells from the peripheral blood of humans and cynomolgus monkeys were collected and given different concentrations of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After incubation for 3 days, cck-8 was used to detect the cell proliferation rate.</p> <p>(3) Collect human and cynomolgus monkey peripheral blood PBMC cells and administer influenza vaccine, inhibitor (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) or cell culture medium. After 6 days of incubation, ELISPOT was used to detect antibody secretion.</p> <p>Result</p> <p>(1) Monoclonal antibody-induced cytokine release test: As the action time of ANC28.1 prolongs, the TNF-α and INF-γ released by human PBMC cells gradually increase. However, cynomolgus monkey PBMC cells did not release TNF-α and INF-γ (because cynomolgus monkey CD4+ does not express CD28).</p> <p>(2) T/B cell proliferation test: After the peripheral blood PBMC cells of human and cynomolgus monkeys were given PHA, the number of cells increased significantly. However, the proliferation rate of human PBMC cells was significantly higher than that of cynomolgus monkeys. However, under the stimulation of different concentrations of LPS, the proliferation trends of PBMC in the peripheral blood of humans and cynomolgus monkeys were very similar.</p> <p>(3) B cell antibody formation function test: After human and cynomolgus monkey peripheral blood PBMC cells were stimulated by the influenza vaccine, the number of cells secreting corresponding antibodies was significantly higher than that in the negative control group. After administration of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, the number of antibody-secreting cells in the inhibition group of cynomolgus monkeys was significantly reduced. Under the same treatment conditions, the number of antibody-secreting cells in humans and cynomolgus monkeys increased at a similar rate.</p> <p><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-serum-92.htm"><span style="color: #3366ff;">Serum from cynomolgus monkeys</span></a> can be used in complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) assays. The component proteins required for CDC are present in cynomolgus monkey serum and can be used for CDC detection of human target cells expressing target antigens. Thus, human therapeutic antibodies recruit cynomolgus complement proteins to promote the lysis of target cells.</p> <p>Cynomolgus monkey serum and plasma are also commonly seen in the protocol to set baselines and generate concentration reference ranges for various assays (e.g., cytokine release measurements). They also act as critical reagents in various tests. In immunoassays like ELISA, ELISPOT, and WB that require initial blocking to prevent non-specific binding, cynomolgus monkey serum works to achieve this function.</p> <p>Related Product</p> <table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 196px;"> <tbody> <tr style="height: 28px;"> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">Product Name</td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">Type</td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">Species</td> </tr> <tr style="height: 28px;"> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;"><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-pbmcs-175.htm"><span style="color: #3366ff;">Cynomolgus Monkey PBMCs (NHP-PC001)</span></a></td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">PBMCs</td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">Cynomolgus monkey</td> </tr> <tr style="height: 28px;"> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;"><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/rhesus-monkey-pbmcs-176.htm"><span style="color: #3366ff;">Rhesus Monkey PBMCs <span class="catNo">(NHP-PC002)</span></span></a></td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">PBMCs</td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">Rhesus monkey</td> </tr> <tr style="height: 28px;"> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;"><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-cerebrospinal-fluid-csf-138.htm"><span style="color: #3366ff;">Cynomolgus Monkey Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) <span class="catNo">(NHP-BF020)</span></span></a></td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">Cerebrospinal fluid</td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">Cynomolgus monkey</td> </tr> <tr style="height: 28px;"> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;"><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-serum-92.htm"><span style="color: #3366ff;">Cynomolgus Monkey Serum <span class="catNo">(NHP-BP001)</span></span></a></td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">Serum</td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">Cynomolgus monkey</td> </tr> <tr style="height: 28px;"> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;"><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/cynomolgus-monkey-plasma-101.htm"><span style="color: #3366ff;">Cynomolgus Monkey Plasma <span class="catNo">(NHP-BP010)</span></span></a></td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">Plasma</td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">Cynomolgus monkey</td> </tr> <tr style="height: 28px;"> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;"><a href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/immortalized-monkey-primary-alveolar-epithelial-cells-1710.htm"><span style="color: #3366ff;">Immortalized Monkey Primary Alveolar Epithelial Cells <span class="catNo">(NHFF-1123-HX435)</span></span></a></td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;">Immortalized epithelial cells</td> <td style="width: 33.3333%; height: 28px;"> Cynomolgus monkey</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p>Reference: Lin Zhi., <em>et al.</em> ” Comparison of T cell and B cell functions between humans and cynomolgus monkeys.” <em>2013 (3rd) Chinese Annual Conference on Pharmaceutical Toxicology And drug non-clinical safety evaluation research forum</em>.</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item> <title>Comprehensive review of the latest progress in research on non-human primates (NPHs) animal models of Alzheimer’s disease</title> <link>https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/comprehensive-review-nhp-animal-models-of-aldisease/</link> <dc:creator><![CDATA[biolabs]]></dc:creator> <pubDate>Thu, 25 Jan 2024 01:51:55 +0000</pubDate> <category><![CDATA[Research Based on NHP (Non-human Primate)]]></category> <guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/?p=1</guid> <description><![CDATA[Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is A chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive impairment and multiple pathological changes, including beta-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition, Tau protein aggregation, altered immune response, and brain atrophy. Despite ongoing<a class="moretag" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/comprehensive-review-nhp-animal-models-of-aldisease/">Read More...</a>]]></description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is A chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive impairment and multiple pathological changes, including beta-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition, Tau protein aggregation, altered immune response, and brain atrophy. Despite ongoing research into its underlying pathogenesis, the cause of AD remains unclear. Diagnostic criteria for AD do not effectively identify preclinical patients, and current AD treatments do not delay or reverse the progression of the disease. Since Non-Human primates (NHP) are closely phylogenetic related to humans, have similar neuroanatomy, comparable genetic regularity, and highly complex similar higher-order cognitive functions, making them better models of AD than rodents, Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop non-human primate (NHP) models to facilitate AD disease research.</p> <p>A review titled “Non-human Primate Models of Alzheimer’s Disease” was recently published in the Journal of Exploratory Research in Pharmacology, a journal of Huayu Publishing House systematically compared AD-related pathological features and behavioral changes between spontaneous (natural aging) and (artificially) induced NHP AD models. In recent decades, both spontaneous and induced NHP AD models have been used to facilitate the development of neuroimaging trackers and therapeutics, helping to translate laboratory findings into clinical trials involving humans. By developing guidelines regarding NHP species, type and dose of inducer, injection frequency, and vaccination time, it is expected to establish a standardized NHP AD model. Further development of NHP can be facilitated through a comprehensive evaluation of NHP, including all AD-related conditions and an extensive behavioral examination. The NHP AD model has made important contributions to AD research and is expected to better reproduce the characteristics of AD and present greater translational potential in the near future.</p> <p><strong>AD animal model</strong></p> <p>Despite over 100 years of extensive research on AD, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unknown, the etiology of the disease remains incompletely understood, accurate diagnostic tools are not widely available for population screening, and there is a lack of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs). Given these urgent needs in the field, it has become critical to develop and study reliable animal models of AD to enable the study of preclinical and prodromal stages of AD, which are difficult to obtain in AD patients. This review evaluates as comprehensively as possible the different model animals in AD-related research. Among them, various rodent models of AD have occupied the mainstream in the field in recent decades. Mutations in genes associated with Aβ and Tau provided a solid basis for the generation of hundreds of transgenic mouse models (Figure 1), which have been developed over time to better mimic the specific features of AD and facilitate experiments. Translational applications of chamber discoveries. Rodent models have many advantages, including low cost, large sample sizes, easier genetic manipulation, and routine animal care. Unfortunately, because the complexity of rodent brain structures and neural circuits is not comparable to humans, their translational potential for the development of diagnostic markers and therapeutics is also low.</p> <p><img decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-27" src="http://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-1.png" alt="" width="1080" height="913" srcset="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-1.png 1080w, https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-1-300x254.png 300w, https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-1-1024x866.png 1024w, https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-1-768x649.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p> <p>Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the main animal models for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research.</p> <p>Less than 1% of AD cases are cases of early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD) caused by autosomal dominant mutations in APP, PSEN1, or PSEN2. However, all major transgenic rodent models express these variant forms of APP and PS1. Currently, the best animal model of sporadic AD (sAD) is non-human primates (NPHs). Types of neuropathology consistently present in each model are shown in boxes; P: plaque; CAA; congestive amyloid angiopathy; T: neurofibrillary tangles. The presence of preplaque lesions in these animal models is not sufficient to indicate the presence of neurofibrillary tangle lesions. Therefore, only 3xTg mice express all 3 pathological hallmarks of AD.</p> <p>Therefore, to understand complex age-related human diseases, the use of nonhuman primate (NHP) brains is highly desirable because of its closer phylogenetic relationship with humans, similar neuroanatomical structures, and Similar genetic characteristics, similar complex neural circuits and higher-order cognitive functions (Table 1).</p> <p><img decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-28" src="http://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-2.png" alt="" width="1280" height="851" srcset="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-2.png 1280w, https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-2-300x199.png 300w, https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-2-1024x681.png 1024w, https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-2-768x511.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /></p> <p>Table 1 The most widely used non-human primate (NHP) animal model in AD research.</p> <p><strong>Comprehensive Support from Creative Biolabs</strong></p> <p>Creative Biolabs offers a comprehensive NHP (Non-human Primate) biologicals, including Primary cells, biofluids, Tissues, nucleic acid, antibodies and custom services. Here is a simple list of our products and service. If you need more detailed information, please visit our home page.</p> <ul> <li><span style="color: #3366ff;"> <a style="color: #3366ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-primary-cells-193.htm">Non-Human Primate (NHP) Primary Cell</a></span></li> <li><span style="color: #3366ff;"><a style="color: #3366ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-nhp-immortalized-cells-1128.htm">Immortalized Non-Human Primate (NHP) Cell</a></span></li> <li><span style="color: #3366ff;"><a style="color: #3366ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-pbmcs-70.htm">NHP Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC)</a></span></li> <li><span style="color: #3366ff;"><a style="color: #3366ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-biofluids-blood-derived-192.htm">Blood-derived Non-Human Primate Biofluid Products</a></span></li> <li><span style="color: #3366ff;"><a style="color: #3366ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-rna-602.htm">Non-Human Primate (NHP) RNA Products</a></span></li> <li><span style="color: #3366ff;"><a style="color: #3366ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-cytosol-600.htm">Non-Human Primate (NHP) Cytosol Products</a></span></li> <li><span style="color: #3366ff;"><a style="color: #3366ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/category-tissue-block-1152.htm">Non-Human Primate (NHP) Tissue Block Products</a></span></li> <li><span style="color: #3366ff;"><a style="color: #3366ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/nhp-biomarker-discovery-validation.htm">NHP Based Biomarker Discovery and Validation Service</a></span></li> <li><span style="color: #3366ff;"><a style="color: #3366ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/nhp-biospecimen-custom-collection.htm">NHP Biospecimen Custom Collection Service</a></span></li> </ul> <p><strong>Advantages and Disadvantages of the NHP AD Model of Spontaneous (Natural Aging)</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong>Human AD-like conditions found in older NHPs include <span style="color: #3366ff;"><a style="color: #3366ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/search?key=Rhesus%2520Monkey&ty=tag"><strong>rhesus monkeys</strong></a></span>, canine monkeys, squirrel monkeys, and baby lemurs (Table 2). While differences do exist between species, NHPs from these species exhibit extensive Aβ deposition in the parenchyma and cerebral vessels, some degree of Tau and p-Tau deposition in the parenchyma, rare intraneuronal accumulation of NFTs, and glial activation, restricted cerebral atrophy, and mild cognitive impairment in lemurs. Compared with other animal models of AD, naturally aging NHPs show high similarity to human AD due to their close phylogenetic relationship, similar neuroanatomy, comparable genetic profiles, and higher-order cognition Greater complexity of functionality. Therefore, naturally aging NHPs can be considered as a promising AD-like animal model that will improve our understanding of age-related cognitive impairment, pathogenic mechanisms, molecular and cellular interactions, and gene-environment interactions, further facilitating diagnosis Development of technological and therapeutic innovations.</p> <p>However, the spontaneous NHP AD model also suffers from several major disadvantages. First, although naturally aged NHPs spontaneously exhibit Aβ proteopathies, they rarely exhibit AD-like NFTs or brain atrophy, suggesting the utility of using aged NHPs to analyze the interplay between Aβ, Tau, and neuronal death. Some difficulties. Second, cognitive deficits and executive dysfunction in elderly NHPs are much milder than in human AD, which may be an obstacle to evaluating the performance of novel treatments. Studying their protective mechanisms against severe NFTs, brain atrophy and cognitive decline has given us some inspiration. At the same time, they show homology to severe Aβ proteinopathy and apolipoprotein ε4. Finally, NHPs generally have a longer life expectancy compared with rodent models of AD, suggesting that longer observation periods are required before AD-like symptoms develop, adding to already high research costs. These shortcomings limit the widespread use of naturally aging NHPs as spontaneous AD models.</p> <p><strong>Advantages and Disadvantages of Induced NHP AD Models</strong></p> <p>Currently, ICV-Aβo, IT-Aβo, AD brain stock solution, ICV-STZ, methanol, and ICV-FA are commonly used to induce the AD model of NHP (Table 2). Elderly NHPs share significant similarities with humans, including neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, complex behaviors, and complex emotions, making them ideal models of human disease. The application of Aβo, AD brain stock solution, STZ and FA induces pathological changes such as Tau hyperphosphorylation (p-Tau), neuronal damage, brain atrophy, cognitive decline and memory impairment, which further fills the gap between natural aging NHPs and gap between human AD. Most importantly, injecting or feeding AD-related inducers can cause AD-related pathologies and behaviors to emerge in NHPs’ young adulthood rather than in the older stages of naturally aging NHPs, significantly reducing financial requirements and shortening experimental procedures.</p> <p>However, all current induced AD modeling methods have their limitations. First, the doses, injection periods, and vaccination periods varied between studies, and the procedures were not standardized. Two well-designed studies of Aβo-induced NHPs that increased the dose, extended the injection period, and extended the vaccination period to two years may have exposed NHPs to all AD-like pathologies and symptoms, most importantly brain atrophy and cognitive decline. . The occurrence of brain atrophy and cognitive decline is barely observed in spontaneous NHP AD models, but they are severely affected in AD patients, indicating their importance in the development and validation of treatments for AD models. Secondly, the research design for constructing induced NHP AD models needs to be greatly improved. Many studies include only two or three NHPs in the treatment group, so AD-like pathology may be the result of chance. We encourage a more comprehensive assessment of induced NHPs, including examination of Aβ plaques, CAA, p-Tau, NFTs, glial activation, inflammatory conditions, neuronal death, brain atrophy, and behavioral changes. A more standardized evaluation of NHP models will facilitate better communication between studies, allow for the most efficient use of each study’s time and funding, and lead to a more efficient construction of a recognized, standardized NHP AD model. In addition, given the incomplete understanding of the etiology of AD, all artificially induced models are based on specific hypotheses of AD, making it difficult for an NHP model to fully reproduce the pathology and symptoms of AD. Building such a model should be one of the key points and difficulties in this field. Additional efforts are expected to improve methods, increase consistency, and ultimately standardize protocols for induced NHP AD models.</p> <p><img decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-29" src="http://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-3.png" alt="" width="1280" height="1337" srcset="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-3.png 1280w, https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-3-287x300.png 287w, https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-3-980x1024.png 980w, https://www.creative-biolabs.com/blog/nhp-biologicals/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/202403-3-768x802.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /></p> <p>Table 2 Spontaneous (natural aging) and induced NHP AD models.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p> <p>The review concludes with a look at the future direction of NPH models, anticipating that NHP models for AD will be used in a growing number of AD drug development programs to evaluate drug delivery pathways, <span style="color: #3366ff;"><a style="color: #3366ff;" href="https://www.creative-biolabs.com/nhp-biologicals/nhp-pharmacology-pharmacodynamics.htm"><strong>nhp pharmacokinetics</strong></a></span>, pharmacodynamics, tolerability, safety, and most importantly, drug efficacy prior to Phase I clinical trials. Therefore, the current NHP AD model needs to be greatly improved, especially for drug efficacy evaluation in terms of imaging, laboratory biomarker, and behavioral testing. In the next few years, Aβ PET scans using appropriate radioisotope-labeled tracers, as well as new blood and urine biomarkers, will be applied. As such, these studies will provide the necessary data and solid evidence to facilitate clinical trials in humans.</p> <p>Reference: Yihan Li., <em>et al.</em> ” Non-human Primate Models of Alzheimer’s Disease.” <em>Journal of Exploratory Research in Pharmacology</em>. 2023;8(3):199-221.</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> </channel> </rss>