GJA5 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of GJA5

The gap junction alpha-5 protein (GJA5) is a protein which is encoded by the GJA5 gene. It is also known as connexin-40 (Cx40). This gene is a member of the connexin gene family. The encoded protein is a component of the gap junction and consists of a series of intercellular channels that provide a pathway for the diffusion of low molecular weight species from cells to cells. Mutations in this gene may be involved in atrial fibrillation. A gap junction consists of a dense set of transmembrane channels, the linkers, through which low MW species diffuse from one cell to adjacent cells.

Basic Information of GJA5
Protein Name	Gap junction alpha-5 protein
Gene Name	GJA5
Aliases	Connexin-40
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	P36382
Transmembrane Times	4
Length (aa)	358
Sequence	MGDWSFLGNFLEEVHKHSTVVGKVWLTVLFIFRMLVLGTAAESSWGDEQADFRCDTIQPGCQNVCYDQAFPISHIRYWVLQIIFVSTPSLVYMGHAMHTVRMQEKRKLREAERAKEVRGSGSYEYPVAEKAELSCWEEGNGRIALQGTLLNTYVCSILIRTTMEVGFIVGQYFIYGIFLTTLHVCRRSPCPHPVNCYVSRPTEKNVFIVFMLAVAALSLLLSLAELYHLGWKKIRQRFVKPRQHMAKCQLSGPSVGIVQSCTPPPDFNQCLENGPGGKFFNPFSNNMASQQNTDNLVTEQVRGQEQTPGEGFIQVRYGQKPEVPNGVSPGHRLPHGYHSDKRRLSKASSKARSDDLSV

Function of GJA5 Membrane Protein

GJA5 has been identified as a gene for observing the phenotype of congenital heart disease at 1q21.1. If there is repeated GJA5 quadruple disease, it is more common. Other congenital heart diseases are more common if there are other congenital heart diseases. The Cx family consists of 20 members, named according to their molecular weight. GJA5 is expressed in PASMCs. Previous studies have shown that GJA5 is involved in the development of edema and inflammation during certain lung injuries. However, it is unclear whether GJA5 will affect the progression of hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury.

Fig.1 Genetic Variants Identified by Genome-wide Association Studies. (Mahida, 2014)

Application of GJA5 Membrane Protein in Literature

Gemel J., et al. Connexin40 Abnormalities and Atrial Fibrillation in the Human Heart. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology. 2014, (0): 159–168. PubMed ID: 25200600

This study adds to evidence supporting the importance of GJA5 alterations (especially reductions relative to Cx43) in AF.
Meens M.J., et al. Endothelial Connexin37 and Connexin40 Participate in Basal but Not Agonist-Induced NO Release. Cell Communication and Signaling. 2015, (13): 34. PubMed ID: 26198171

It is pointed out herein that Cx37 is more important than GJA5 in relation to the release of essential NO, the release of cyclooxygenase products, and the regulation of ACh sensitivity.
Alonso F., et al. Targeting Endothelial connexin40 Inhibits Tumor Growth by Reducing Angiogenesis and Improving Vessel Perfusion. Oncotarget. 2016, (7): 14015–14028. PubMed ID: 26883111

The results indicate that loss of endothelial GJA5 can reduce tumor growth and blood vessels, independent of hypertension.
Yang L., et al. Sildenefil increases connexin 40 in smooth muscle cells through activation of BMP pathways in pulmonary arterial hypertension. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology. 2014, (7):4674-4684. PubMed ID: 25197339

The authors found in vitro that sildenafil increased GJA5 expression in PASMCs isolated from MCT-PAH rats and inhibited proliferation of these cells.
LI C., et al. Hyperoxia arrests pulmonary development in newborn rats via disruption of endothelial tight junctions and downregulation of Cx40. Molecular Medicine Reports. 2014, (10):61-67. PubMed ID: 24789212

This study showed that exposure to hypoxemia impaired the tight junction structure between vascular endothelial cells and decreased GJA5.

GJA5 Preparation Options

To obtain the soluble and functional target protein, the versatile Magic™ membrane protein production platform in Creative Biolabs enables many flexible options, from which you can always find a better match for your particular project. Aided by our versatile Magic™ anti-membrane protein antibody discovery platform, we also provide customized anti-GJA5 antibody development services.

Creative Biolabs' skillful scientists are glad to leverage our expertise and advanced technologies to help you with the member protein research. If you are interested, please feel free to contact us for more details.

Reference

Mahida S. (2014). Genetic Discoveries In Atrial Fibrillation And Implications For Clinical Practice. Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review.3.2, 69.

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