SLC26A2 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of SLC26A2

SLC26A2 encodes sulfate transporter with N-terminal cytoplasmic domain and C-terminal cytoplasmic STAS domains flanking a transmembrane domain, modeled to span the lipid bilayer 8 times. SLC26A2 is highly conserved among different vertebrate species and zebrafish SLC26A2 protein shares 87.6% identical amino acid sequence with human SLC26A2 protein, which consists chiefly of a sulphate transporter domain, the STAS domain, and the C terminal dimerization domain, which are key functional domains shared with the remaining Slc26 family members.

Basic Information of SLC26A2
Protein Name	Sulfate transporter
Gene Name	SLC26A2, DTD, DTDST
Aliases	Diastrophic dysplasia protein, Solute carrier family 26 member 2
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	P50443
Transmembrane Times	8
Length (aa)	739
Sequence	MSSESKEQHNVSPRDSAEGNDSYPSGIHLELQRESSTDFKQFETNDQCRPYHRILIERQEKSDTNFKEFVIKKLQKNCQCSPAKAKNMILGFLPVLQWLPKYDLKKNILGDVMSGLIVGILLVPQSIAYSLLAGQEPVYGLYTSFFASIIYFLLGTSRHISVGIFGVLCLMIGETVDRELQKAGYDNAHSAPSLGMVSNGSTLLNHTSDRICDKSCYAIMVGSTVTFIAGVYQVAMGFFQVGFVSVYLSDALLSGFVTGASFTILTSQAKYLLGLNLPRTNGVGSLITTWIHVFRNIHKTNLCDLITSLLCLLVLLPTKELNEHFKSKLKAPIPIELVVVVAATLASHFGKLHENYNSSIAGHIPTGFMPPKVPEWNLIPSVAVDAIAISIIGFAITVSLSEMFAKKHGYTVKANQEMYAIGFCNIIPSFFHCFTTSAALAKTLVKESTGCHTQLSGVVTALVLLLVLLVIAPLFYSLQKSVLGVITIVNLRGALRKFRDLPKMWSISRMDTVIWFVTMLSSALLSTEIGLLVGVCFSIFCVILRTQKPKSSLLGLVEESEVFESVSAYKNLQIKPGIKIFRFVAPLYYINKECFKSALYKQTVNPILIKVAWKKAAKRKIKEKVVTLGGIQDEMSVQLSHDPLELHTIVIDCSAIQFLDTAGIHTLKEVRRDYEAIGIQVLLAQCNPTVRDSLTNGEYCKKEEENLLFYSVYEAMAFAEVSKNQKGVCVPNGLSLSSD

Function of SLC26A2 Membrane Protein

SLC26A2 is ubiquitously expressed with particularly high levels in developing and mature cartilage as well as in epithelial tissues like pancreas, salivary glands, colon, bronchial glands, tracheal epithelium, and eccrine sweat glands. SLC26A2 is a transporter with an essential role in bone formation, which may also participate in chondrocyte volume expansion. SLC26A2 also functions as a SO₄^2-/Cl^-/OH^- exchanger that is exquisitely regulated by extracellular Cl^-. Mutations in SLC26A2 cause many forms of osteochondrodysplasia including achondrogenesis type 1B, diastrophic dysplasia, atelosteogenesis, and type IIrecessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasias. SLC26A2 was upregulated in Crohn's colitis and has been proposed as part of a diagnostic index distinguishing Crohn's from ulcerative colitis.

Fig.1 In silico model of the putative structure of the Slc26a2 TMDs. (Ohana E, 2012)

Application of SLC26A2 Membrane Protein in Literature

Park M., et.al. Multiple roles of the SO₄(2-)/Cl^-/OH^- exchanger protein SLC26A2 in chondrocyte functions. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2014 289(4): 1993-2001. PubMed ID: 24302720

This article finds multiple roles for SLC26A2 in chondrocyte biology and emphasizes the importance of SLC26A2-mediated protein sulfation in cell signaling, which may account for the complex phenotype of DTD.
Mäkitie O., et.al. SLC26A2 disease spectrum in Sweden - high frequency of recessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (rMED). Clinical Genetics. 2015 87(3): 273-8. PubMed ID: 24598000

This article suggests that several children with rMED are caused by compound heterozygocity for previously described SLC26A2 mutations.
Spyroglou A., et.al. Diastrophic dysplasia sulfate transporter (SLC26A2) is expressed in the adrenal cortex and regulates aldosterone secretion. Hypertension. 2014 63(5): 1102-9. PubMed ID: 24591336

This article suggests that SLC26A2 regulating aldosterone secretion potentially plays a role in the pathogenesis of primary aldosteronism.
Liu F., et.al. Solute Carrier Family 26 Member a2 (SLC26A2) Regulates Otic Development and Hair Cell Survival in Zebrafish. PLoS One. 2015 10(9): e0136832. PubMed ID: 26375458

This article reveals that bioinformatics can predict new deafness genes and shows SLC26A2 is a critical otic gene whose dysfunction may induce hearing impairment.
Simmons D.G., et.al. Human placental sulfate transporter mRNA profiling from term pregnancies identifies abundant SLC13A4 in syncytiotrophoblasts and SLC26A2 in cytotrophoblasts. Placenta. 2013 34(4): 381-4. PubMed ID: 23453247

This article suggests that SLC13A4 and SLC26A2 transporter play an important role in meeting the fetal needs for sulfate in late-gestation.

SLC26A2 Preparation Options

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Reference

Ohana E., et.al. (2012). Solute carrier family 26 member a2 (Slc26a2) protein functions as an electroneutral SOFormula/OH^-/Cl^- exchanger regulated by extracellular Cl^-. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 287(7): 5122-32.

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