Brucella Vaccines
Brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonosis caused by Brucella which is considered to be a significant health threat. Creative Biolabs is a world leader in the field of bacterial vaccine development. With our extensive experience and advanced platform, we are therefore confident in offering the best services for vaccine development against disease caused by Brucella and guarantee the finest results for our customers all over the world.
Brucellosis is a severe acute febrile disease caused by a type of bacteria called Brucella. The bacteria are Gram-negative, small, non-spore-forming, non-motile, facultatively intracellular coccobacilli. The genus of Brucella is composed of at least ten species such as B. abortus, B. melitensis, B. suis, B. ovis, B. canis, B. neotomae, B. microti, B. inopinata, B. pinnipedialis, and B. ceti. The bacteria can spread from animals to humans. The most commonly infected animals include sheep, cattle, goats, pigs, and dogs, among others. The infection route to people is in contact of breaks in the skin with infected animal tissue or the ingestion of unpasteurized milk and dairy products from infected animals. Mainly symptoms in humans include continuous or intermittent fever, headache, weakness, profuse sweats, chills, joint pains, aches, and weight loss. Moreover, the bacteria can also infect the liver and spleen, the incubation period of Brucella is variable and may last for days or months, and sometimes for a year or more if not treated. There are several vaccines of brucellosis for animals (available) and for human (under development).
Live & Attenuated Brucella Vaccines
The live vaccine B. abortus strain 19 and RB51 are the two main live, attenuated vaccines used in the control of B. abortus infection in cattle which have defects in Th1-type CD8+, NK, and γδ T cell development, and are highly susceptible to brucellosis. Live B. melitensis vaccine strain Rev-1 immunization of goats induces strong immunity that can be maintained for over 2 years without side effects. Live B. suis vaccine strain 2 has been used for oral immunization of pigs once a year for two years lowered the serologic reactivity on farms. These live, attenuated vaccines carry several advantages include the immunity derived from their use tends to be cell-mediated and long lasting and the organism is allowed to replicate within the host, thus making them less expensive.
Killed Brucella Vaccines
Killed B. abortus vaccine strain 45/20 for cattle and B. melitensis H38 can induce persistent antibody titers that can interfere with common serological tests used. These killed vaccines can offer protection to brucellosis while still retaining safety for those animals that are young, immuno-suppressed, or pregnant.
Subunit Brucella Vaccines
The surface structures and antigens of Brucella as immunopotent components could be designed as an efficient brucellosis subunit vaccine. The advantage of subunit vaccines is that they eliminate safety concerns associated with live vaccines, though replicating the immunogenicity of live vaccines is more problematic. Since subunit vaccines avoid utilizing living Brucellae, they do not result in animal infection or abortion, and thus are safe for both animals and humans. Vaccines such as the Brucella O-polysaccharide-BSA conjugate have a protective effect against B. melitensis H38. Using B. abortus soluble antigens combined with the adjuvant of dimethyldioctadecyl ammonium bromide to immunize steers which produced enhanced antibody, proliferative T cell, and IFN-γ responses, indicating elicited cellular immune responses.
Brucella DNA Vaccines
DNA vaccination is a novel and powerful method of immunization that induces both humoral and cellular immune responses and protection against a variety of pathogens. Vaccination of mice with B. melitensis Omp31 gene cloned in the pCI plasmid gave proper protection against B. ovis and B. melitensis infection. Besides, the B. abortus ribosomal L7/L12 gene vaccine also elicits humoral and cellular immune responses and partial protection. Therefore, plasmid DNA vaccination may be a successful alternative method for conferring protection against Brucella.
Human Brucella Vaccines
For human Brucella vaccines, subunit and recombinant vaccines receive great attention due to their enhanced safety and cross-species protection traits. For subunit vaccines, efforts should be focused on how to optimize the formulation, e.g., selecting the optimal adjuvant. For the live recombinant Brucella vaccines, using the licensed human vaccines as vaccine vectors, such as S. typhi Ty21a or gut commensal bacteria such as L. lactis, may further human brucellosis vaccine development.
Creative Biolabs is a highly proactive, robust and diversified company with a strong, scientifically-proven background of bacterial vaccine development. We have experts who are able to help you with the vaccine development against brucellosis caused by Brucella. If you are interested in our services, please contact us for more details.
All of our products can only be used for research purposes. These vaccine ingredients CANNOT be used directly on humans or animals.
