Looking to streamline your therapeutic antibody development and unlock its full potential? This comprehensive solution guide will provide you with a thorough understanding of antibody conversion, ensuring your products meet the highest standards of affinity, specificity, stability, and therapeutic efficacy. At Creative Biolabs, our comprehensive antibody conversion services are designed to support every stage of your research, helping you bring novel biologics to market with precision and efficiency.
Antibody conversion refers to the process of transforming antibodies into various species or formats to meet specific therapeutic, diagnostic, or research needs. Whether the goal is altered formats (scFv, Fab, sdAb, bispecific antibody, etc.), or isotypes, species origin such as chimerization, humanization, caninization, or simianization, each conversion step involves intricate molecular engineering techniques. Proper antibody conversion improves functionality, lowers immunogenicity, enhances half-life, and unlocks diverse applications. Notably, all these modifications can be perfectly implemented by Creative Biolabs who is a well-recognized expert in the field of antibody development and engineering.
"The humanization, caninization, and simianization services offered by Creative Biolabs have been a cornerstone of our biologics development. Each conversion was executed with precision, ensuring cross-species compatibility and functionality. The in-depth reports and continuous support provided by their team have been indispensable throughout our research phases."
"Creative Biolabs’ humanization services were outstanding. Their CDR grafting approach preserved binding affinity while minimizing immunogenicity, meeting all of our clinical requirements. The project was completed on time, and the scientific rigor in their final reports greatly facilitated our regulatory filing process."
"The caninization of our therapeutic antibody by Creative Biolabs was a critical step in advancing our veterinary biologics pipeline. Their precise engineering ensured the antibody maintained its functional integrity in canine models, and their quick turnaround enabled us to proceed confidently with preclinical studies."
"Working with Creative Biolabs on the simianization of our antibody was a smooth and productive experience. Their reformatting techniques allowed us to retain antigen-binding efficiency in primate models, essential for early-stage immunogenicity testing. The thorough technical support from their team was a standout."
Conversion | Subcategory | Description | Methods/Techniques | Challenges |
Antibody Isotype Conversion | IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE conversion | Modifying antibody classes to adjust immune response | Recombinant DNA technology, site-directed mutagenesis | Structural changes affecting binding affinity and function |
Antibody Species Conversion | Humanization (Convert to Human Ab) | Converting animal-derived antibodies into human or humanized antibodies to reduce immunogenicity | Premade human antibody library screening, FHAT transgenic mice, NHP antibody humanization, CDR grafting, backmutation | Maintaining binding affinity and specificity while minimizing immunogenicity |
Camelization (Convert to Single-Domain Ab) | Converting conventional antibodies into single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) for improved tissue penetration and stability | Phage display library screening, premade sdAb library screening, recombinant VHH expression | Preserving antigen specificity while minimizing size and maintaining stability | |
Caninization (Convert to Dog Ab) | Adapting antibodies for use in canine models, preserving function and compatibility for veterinary applications | Canine-specific framework engineering, caninized phage display library screening | Balancing efficacy with species-specific immune compatibility | |
Simianization (Convert to NHP Ab) | Converting antibodies into forms suitable for non-human primates (NHP) to assess immunogenicity and PK in preclinical studies | Framework alignment with NHP sequences, CDR grafting, backmutation | Ensuring compatibility with primate immune systems while maintaining efficacy | |
Murinization (Convert to Mouse Ab) | Modifying antibodies for expression and testing in murine models, often required for in vivo studies | Mouse-specific framework design, CDR grafting, phage display library screening | Retaining function while optimizing expression and avoiding immune rejection | |
Felinization (Convert to Cat Ab) | Converting antibodies for feline models to enable diagnostics and therapeutics for cats | Cat-specific sequence modeling, framework adaptation | Preserving antibody integrity while ensuring immune compatibility in feline models | |
Fc Engineering | Fc region modification | Altering the Fc region to enhance effector functions | Protein engineering, Fc glycoengineering | Undesired immune response or altered clearance |
ScFv/Fab Fragment Engineering | ScFv/Fab conversion | Enhancing scFv/Fab fragment specificity and binding | Converting full IgG/IgM into scFv/Fab, immunized phage display library, premade phage display scFv/Fab library; papain/pepsin digestion, recombinant expression | Balancing stability with binding efficiency, loss of stability and reduced half-life |
Glycoengineering | Antibody glycosylation modification | Modifying glycan structures to enhance therapeutic properties | Glycosylation pathway engineering, glycosyltransferase enzymes | Controlling glycosylation patterns during production |
ADC Conversion | Antibody-drug conjugate engineering | Converting antibodies for targeted drug delivery | Linker chemistry, click chemistry | Ensuring stable linker and specific payload release |
Antibody-to-CAR Conversion | CAR-T and CAR-NK cell engineering | Converting antibodies into chimeric antigen receptors | Lentiviral transduction, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing | Maintaining CAR functionality and minimizing off-target effects |
PEGylation & Chemical Conjugation | PEGylated antibodies, fluorescent labeling | Chemically modifying antibodies for improved properties | PEGylation, bioconjugation | Preventing altered binding efficacy after chemical modifications |
Antibody Reformatting for Delivery Systems | Liposome/EV-bound antibodies | Converting antibodies for encapsulation into delivery vehicles | Liposome encapsulation, electroporation | Achieving targeted delivery while maintaining functionality |
We offer a comprehensive range of customizable antibody property optimization services to ensure that each antibody achieves the highest standards in terms of efficacy, stability, and safety, empowering your research with tailored solutions to accelerate development.
Creative Biolabs is equipped with an extensive suite of cutting-edge state-of-the-art technologies to support antibody conversion and optimization. Our platform integrates advanced tools such as phage and yeast display systems, high-throughput flow cytometry, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for for antibody screening and design sprecise binding affinity assessments. We also leverage utilize CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, lentiviral transduction systems, and molecular cloning techniques to streamline complex conversions, such as CAR-T antibody generation and bispecific antibody engineering. Additionally, we employ HPLC, SEC-MALS, LC-MS/MS, and SEC-MALS surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for comprehensive in-depth characterization, ensuring that the converted antibodies meet the highest structural, functional, and stability criteriastandards for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
Diverse Species and Format Conversion
Expertise in humanization, caninization, simianization, camelization, murinization, and felinization, along with seamless adaptation to bispecific, trispecific, sdAb, and ADC formats for versatile applications.
Precision and Structural Integrity Maintenance
Advanced engineering ensures binding affinity, specificity, and structural integrity are preserved throughout the conversion process for optimal performance.
Customizable Solutions Across Applications
Tailored services support therapeutic development, diagnostics, veterinary biologics, and research, meeting species- and format-specific needs with regulatory-compliant documentation.
End-to-End Project Support
From consultation to delivery, our experts provide comprehensive project management and technical assistance to meet all goals and timelines.
Comprehensive Validation and Compliance
Thorough validation services and precise documentation ensure alignment with regulatory standards for successful therapeutic development.
Fast Turnaround with Optimized Workflow
Accelerated processes and high-throughput capabilities enable clients to develop fast-track and hit key milestones efficiently.
With extensive expertise in antibody conversion, Creative Biolabs utilizes advanced platforms to provide high-quality, tailored solutions. Our reliable, cost-effective protocols empower global clients to accelerate their research and development of novel therapeutics and diagnostics.
Fig. 1 Amino acid alignment of the heavy chain CH3 domain of human IgG1 and IgG3 and summary of the amino acid substitution antibodies constructed in this study.1
The human IgG3 subclass has the characteristics of high effect function and Fab arm flexibility. Here, the researchers used anti-CD20 IgG3 as a model to study the formation of IgG3 aggregates and the potential of such antibodies in treatment. The researchers swapped the constant domain of IgG3 with the constant domain of stable IgG1 to avoid a large number of aggregations of anti-CD20 IgG3 antibodies. The results showed that the collective formation of IgG3 antibodies with the IgG1 CH3 domain decreased. It was found that two amino acid mutations in the CH3 domain reduced the aggregation of IgG3 and increased the CH3 transition temperature. They improved the engineered human IgG3 antibody by further mutation and obtained IgG3KVH to achieve protein A binding and showed antigenic binding similar to that of wild-type IgG3. At the same time, IgG3KVH also has high binding activity to Fcγ RIIIa and C1q. In this study, the researchers obtained an engineered human IgG3 antibody with low aggregation, which will help to research and develop therapeutic antibodies with high effect function and Fab arm flexibility.
Antibody engineering is a branch of biotechnology that involves the modification and synthesis of antibodies to enhance their effectiveness for specific applications. This can include altering the antibody's binding affinity, specificity, stability, or other pharmacological properties to make it more suitable for therapeutic use, diagnostic tools, or research purposes.
There are several methods used to engineer antibodies, including phage display, where bacteriophages are used to evolve new antibodies; genetic engineering, where the DNA encoding antibodies is modified; and hybridoma technology, which involves fusing B-cells with immortal cells to produce monoclonal antibodies. Recent advancements also include the use of computational design and machine learning to predict and improve antibody structures.
Engineered antibodies have a wide range of applications in medicine and research. In therapeutics, they are used as the basis for many antibody-drug conjugates, cancer immunotherapies, and treatments for autoimmune diseases. In diagnostics, engineered antibodies provide high specificity in tests for various diseases, including infectious diseases and cancer biomarkers.
Antibody fragments such as Fab, F(ab')2, and single-chain variable fragments (scFv) play a crucial role in antibody engineering. These fragments retain the antigen-binding part of the antibody but lack the Fc region, which can be advantageous for reducing immunogenicity and improving tissue penetration. Engineering antibody fragments is particularly useful in therapeutic contexts where full-length antibodies might be too large or where non-essential parts of the antibody might trigger unwanted immune responses.
Computational biology has become pivotal in antibody engineering, especially in predicting antibody structure, improving binding affinity, and identifying potential immunogenicity. Techniques such as molecular modeling, simulation, and machine learning algorithms can predict how mutations affect antibody behavior, guide the design of antibody libraries, and optimize antibodies for specific applications without the need for extensive in vitro testing.
Engineered antibodies are most prominently used in the treatment of cancers and autoimmune diseases due to their ability to be tailored to target specific pathological antigens. However, their use is expanding to infectious diseases, neurological disorders, and other conditions. The versatility of engineered antibodies lies in their ability to be customized for different targets and mechanisms, although their effectiveness can vary based on the nature of the disease and the target antigen's characteristics.
All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.