Creative Biolabs is a well-recognized expert in the antibody & immunoassay development field for different applications. Especially, we can apply our ample experience to offer high-quality antibody & immunoassay development services for diagnostic uses. Our services can be customized to target various biomarkers. Here, we briefly introduce the potential of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) as a potential biomarker for tumor diagnosis and prognosis.
Heat shock proteins (HSP) are proteins with the function of cell protection against elevated temperatures. As one of the most common of the heat-related proteins, the HSP90 family is highly conserved and can be found in nearly all the living organisms except archaea. The HSP90 family can be divided into five subfamilies which are ER-localized Grp94, chloroplast HSP90, cytosolic HSP90s, mitochondrial TRAP1, and bacterial HtpG. The unique structure and functional characteristics make HSP90 play an essential role in many cellular processes, such as cell survival, cell cycle control, hormone, and some other signaling pathways. Moreover, HSP90 is also the necessary factor for the correct maturation and activation of many cell proteins and protein complexes.
Fig.1 The mechanism of protein folding by HSP90.1
Altered expression of HSP90 is associated with tumor development, progression, and metastasis. For instance, HSP90 was initially demonstrated to be associated with melanoma progression, indicating that it might be a valuable drug target in melanoma, as well as a useful diagnostic marker. It is reported that significantly higher plasma levels of HSP90α in lung cancer patients than healthy controls. In the meantime, plasma levels of HSP90α in advanced lung cancer patients were higher than that of the early stage. Wei et al. (2020) reported measurement of plasma HSP90α in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and found that it was significantly higher in HCC patients than in healthy donors and patients with hepatic hemangioma or secondary hepatic carcinoma (SHC). They concluded that plasma HSP90α levels can be used as an initial diagnosis for patients with HCC. Siebert et al. (2019) reported HSP90 as a prognostic marker for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC).
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