As a pioneer company in the field of drug discovery, Creative Biolabs is committed to exploiting more effective antifungal drugs for the treatment of fungal disease. Based on years of experience and our top technology, now we are able to discovery mode drug candidates to help patients fight against rhinosinusitis.
What is Rhinosinusitis?
Rhinosinusitis (RS) is a common disorder related to inflammation of the sinuses and nasal cavity. As one of the most commonly diagnosed diseases in the world, RS is believed to affect more than 12% of the US population. Studies have shown that it is associated with the significant negative impact on quality of life and high health care costs. It has been reported that RS can be caused by infection, allergies, air pollution, structural problems in the nose, fungal infection, or other activities that changes air pressure (like scuba diving). Fungal infections of the paranasal sinuses are uncommon and usually occur in individuals who are immunocompromised. However, recently, the occurrence of fungal rhinosinusitis has increased in the immunocompetent population.
Fig.1 Illustration of less commonly described areas of AIFR, including the nasolacrimal duct, lacrimal sac, and nasopharynx. (Middlebrooks, 2015)
Types of Rhinosinusitis
Commonly, fungal rhinosinusitis can be divided into invasive and noninvasive subtypes based on histopathological evidence of tissue invasion by fungi. The common types of rhinosinusitis include:
Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (IFRS) is a disease of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity that typically affects immunocompromised patients in the acute fulminant form. Early symptoms can often mimic rhinosinusitis, while late symptoms can cause significant morbidity and mortality.
Granulomatous invasive FRS (GIFRS) is a type of FRS which has a gradual onset and takes a chronic course, usually over many months, and sometimes years. Patients usually come to clinical attention with nasal obstruction, enlarging mass in the cheek, orbit, nose, maxillae, and paranasal sinuses.
Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) is a disease caused by Aspergillus with the presence of allergic fungal mucin, which is a thick, tenacious, eosinophilic secretion with characteristic histologic findings. It has a similar clinical picture to that of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).
Symptoms of Rhinosinusitis
Symptoms of rhinosinusitis are similar regardless of the duration or cause. Common symptoms include:
Treatment of Rhinosinusitis
RS represents a broad spectrum of disease. Usually, treatment of rhinosinusitis varies and is usually based on the duration and severity of symptoms. According to guidelines, antibiotics are recommended if symptoms of rhinosinusitis last longer than 10 days or worsen after initial improvement. Antibiotics should be used earlier if there is evidence of complications such as periorbital swelling or redness. Generally, antibiotics used for the treatment of RS include doxycycline, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, cefdinir, and clindamycin. Furthermore, endoscopic surgical intervention is required when there is a risk of intracranial complication or in a patient with periorbital or intraorbital abscess.
Aided by a wealth of experience and professional scientists, Creative Biolabs is confident in providing high-quality antifungal drug discovery services to promote the development of global customers’ programs. In addition to RS, we also provide drug discovery services against other fungal diseases. For more detailed information, please feel free to contact us.
Reference
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