As one of the leading custom antibody generation and development providers, Creative Biolabs has launched a series of in vitro diagnostic (IVD) antibody development services targeting numerous diagnostic biomarkers of human diseases. Here, we focus on the adenylate kinase isoenzyme 4 (AK4) as a marker of lymph cancer.
Adenylate Kinase Isoenzyme 4 (AK4)
Adenylate kinase isozyme 4, mitochondrial is an enzyme encoded by AK3L1 gene in humans. AK3L1 gene encodes a member of the adenylate kinase family of enzymes. The encoded protein is located in the mitochondrial matrix. Adenylate kinases regulate the adenine and guanine nucleotide composition within a cell by catalyzing the reversible transfer of phosphate groups in these nucleotides. Five adenylate kinase isoenzymes have been identified in vertebrates. The expression of these isoenzymes is tissue-specific and developmentally regulated. The pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 17. Three transcript variants of this gene encoding the same protein have been identified. Sequence alignments indicate that the gene defined by NM_013410, NM_203464, and NM_001005353 is located on chromosome 1. Expression of AK4 may regulate global cellular ATP levels and the AMPK signaling pathway.
Fig.1 Structure of the AK3L1 protein. Based on PyMOL rendering of PDB 2ar7.1
AK4 Marker of Lymph Cancer
Biomarkers may assist the development of better therapeutic monitoring or tumor screening for lymph cancer. Analysis of published microarray data shows that AK4 is upregulated in cancer cells compared with normal cells. The high AK4 expression is associated with advanced stage, disease recurrence and poor prognosis. Loss of AK4 expression suppressed the invasive potential of cancer cell lines, whereas AK4 overexpression promoted invasion in vitro and in vivo. A kinome-wide RNAi screening identified AK4 as one of the vulnerable kinase targets in human multiple myeloma, and systemic protein profiling of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma also found that AK4 was differentially expressed and considered as a potential biomarker.
IVD antibodies are extensively used in immunodiagnostic tools for disease screening and therapeutic monitoring. Through our role as a leading antibody service provider, Creative Biolabs is well-positioned to develop high-quality AK4-specific antibodies. Besides antibody generation, Creative Biolabs also offers diagnostic immunoassay development services, including feasibility analysis, assay design, assay protocol establishment, assay optimization, and kit production.
Creative Biolabs has successfully completed a number of IVD antibody generation and development projects for clients across the globe. If you are interested in our services, please contact us to discuss your project needs.
Reference
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