Creative Biolabs introduces our high-quality in vitro diagnostic (IVD) antibody & new immunoassay development services targeting different disease biomarkers to global clients. Our services are tailor-made and cover all the phases of an immunoassay development process. Here, briefly introduce DCXR as a potential cancer biomarker.
Dicarbonyl L-xylulose reductase (DCXR) is an evolutionarily conserved metabolic enzyme encoded by the human DCXR gene. It is highly expressed in livers and kidneys of mammals, especially in the epithelial cells of the mouse proximal renal tubule. The enzyme is involved in many intracellular processes, such as glucose metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, the uronate cycle, and also may play a role in the regulation of the osmotic state of the cellular environment and cellular osmoregulation in the proximal renal tubules by producing xylitol. DCXR has been implicated in many human clinical disorders. Studies have indicated that deficiency of DCXR will cause pentosuria, a historically famous inborn metabolic disease. Furthermore, DCXR is suggested as a biomarker in cancer, and also to be critical for human sperm maturation and fertility.
Fig.1 DCXR/DHS-21 regulates osmolality in C. elegans.1
It has been proposed that DCXR gene transcripts are significantly higher in malignant melanoma tissues, as well as in prostate, breast, and lung cancers when compared with normal skin or normal tissues of each organ. Also, the decreased membranous expression of DCXR with altered subcellular localization appears to be associated with the malignant progression of melanocytic lesions and a poor prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Besides, DCXR shows a 4.3-fold upgraded change in the follicular adenoma that makes it an important biomarker for monitoring follicular adenoma in clinic management in case it develops into follicular carcinoma.
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Reference
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