Creative Biolabs is an undisputed leading provider of antibody development and generation services. Now, we provide in vitro diagnostic (IVD) antibody development services targeting various biomarkers of a wide variety of diseases. Especially, Creative Biolabs offers high-quality antibody development services for diagnostic applications targeting the estrogen marker.
Estrogen, or oestrogen, is the major female sex hormone and can be used as an important medication. It plays a vital role in the development of the secondary sex characteristics and female reproductive system. Three major endogenous estrogens: estrone, estradiol, and estriol, which have estrogenic hormonal activity in women. Among that, the estradiol is the most prevalent and potent one. Estrogen also plays important physiological roles in men while the level of estrogen is significantly lower compared to females.
Biological Functions of Estrogen
The actions of estrogen are regulated by the estrogen receptor (ER), a dimeric nuclear protein controlling gene expression via binding to DNA. Like other steroid hormones, estrogen enters into the cell passively and binds to, as well as activates the estrogen receptor. The estrogen-ER complex binds to specific DNA sequences called a hormone response element to activate the transcription of target genes. Since estrogen can enter all cells, its actions are ER-dependent in the cell. The ER is expressed in specific tissues, such as the breast, ovary, and uterus. The metabolic effects of estrogen in postmenopausal women have been linked to the genetic polymorphism of the ER.
Female Pubertal and Reproductive System Development Function of Estrogen
During puberty, estrogen is necessary for the development and regulation of female secondary sexual characteristics, including female fat distribution, breast development and widening of the hips. Meanwhile, androgens are necessary for body hair growth, as well as maturation and maintenance the function of the uterus, vagina, and ovary. Additionally, estrogen is involved in the regulation of gonadotropin secretion. Therefore, estrogen plays an important role in female fertility.
Mental Health Function of Estrogen
Estrogen is recognized to act as a vital part of women's mental health. Sudden fluctuating estrogen, estrogen withdrawal, and sustained low level of estrogen trigger significant mood lowering. Recovery from postpartum, perimenopause, and postmenopause depression has been shown to be effective after estrogen were stabilized and restored. Aromatase deficiency is suspected that is involved in the synthesis of estrogen in humans and has diagnostic and therapeutic implications when people have obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Estrogen as a Biomarker for Diseases
Based on the previous studies focusing on the role and functions of estrogen in metabolic system and certain associated conditions, estrogen is now thought to be a novel biomarker in several disorders and diseases mentioned above.
Fig.1 Pathways for estrogen to convert tumor promoting effects in cells in the fallopian tubes and the ovaries. (Felicitas, 2014)
Antibodies are core elements for antibody-based immunoassays for detecting and quantifying antigens of interest in all kinds of samples such as the serum, urine, tissue preparations, and so on. IVD antibodies are extensively used for disease screening, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring. With our versatile IVD platform, Creative Biolabs is proud to develop novel anti-estrogen antibodies from scratch to commercial IVD kit (we can also start with provided antibody candidates). If you are interested in our services, please do not hesitate to contact us for more details.
Reference
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