Creative Biolabs is a world-leading service provider of application-specific antibody development. Here, we introduce our in vitro diagnostic (IVD) antibody development and immunoassay development services targeting the fibrinogen marker. We are confident that our commitment to science and research will enable us to offer you the best products and services.
Introduction of Fibrinogen Marker
Fibrinogen is a glycoprotein that involved in vertebrates circulates in the blood. The molecules of fibrinogen are elongated 45 nm structures that consist of two outer D domains, each connected by a coiled-coil segment to its central E domain. As a key hemostatic protein which is synthesized by hepatocytes and converted to fibrin by activated thrombin, fibrinogen plays overlapping roles in numerous cellular processes, such as blood clotting, fibrinolysis, cellular and matrix interactions, the inflammatory response, wound healing, and neoplasia. Most importantly, studies have suggested that loss of fibrinogen significantly diminishes the metastatic potential in breast cancer, lung carcinoma, and malignant melanoma.
Fig.1 Fibrinogen synthesis and expression. (Kattula S., 2017)
Fibrinogen Marker of Bladder Cancer
Many tumor cells possess strong procoagulant activities that promote the local activation of the coagulation system. In the past years, studies have demonstrated that the levels of urinary fibrin/fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) are associated with the presence of bladder malignancy. FDP are protein fragments generated by the action of the fibrinolytic system. While the vascular endothelial growth factor produced by bladder tumor cells has the ability to increases the permeability of the surrounding microvasculature leading to leakage of plasma proteins, including plasminogen, fibrinogen and various clotting factors. Furthermore, clotting factors along with other factors released by the tumor cells can rapidly convert fibrinogen into an extravascular fibrin clot. In addition, the plasmin can then break down the fibrin deposit and any intact fibrinogen into fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products. It has been reported that the level of FDP is higher in bladder cancer patients when compared with normal people. In this case, fibrinogen can be used as a useful marker in the detection of bladder malignancies.
Fig.2 Cartoon representation of the fibrinolytic system. (Abdul S., 2016)
Fibrinogen Marker for Myocardial Infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the disease of heart muscle loss of blood supply and necrosis which is caused by coronary atherosclerosis, leading to thrombosis and coronary artery blockage. In recent, several studies have shown that fibrinogen has the great potential for the prediction of MI as fibrinogen is able to promote atherothrombosis. The expression of fibrinogen is regulated by interleukin-6 and impaired by transforming growth factor-β. According to a series of experiments, elevated levels of fibrinogen can be detected in the patients with MI and fibrinogen can also interact with other risk factors such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and stroke.
Fibrinogen Marker for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is chronic bronchitis and emphysema with airflow obstruction that can further develop into common chronic diseases such as pulmonary heart disease and respiratory failure. COPD is the multicomponent disease characterized by airflow obstruction which results from airway disease and alveolar destruction. Some studies have shown that the patients with COPD always have the various comorbid diseases, such as cardiac failure, lung cancer, osteoporosis, and ischaemic heart disease. It has been reported that compared with the healthy person, higher levels of blood fibrinogen can be detected in the patients with COPD. In summary, fibrinogen is the sensitive biomarker for COPD and can be associated with the clinical endpoints to develop new treatment applications.
IVD Antibody Development Services for Fibrinogen Marker
With the rapid development of IVD technology, IVD antibodies have been widely used for the diagnosis of numerous diseases. Through our role as a leading antibody service provider, Creative Biolabs is well-positioned to help our clients with the development of high-quality anti-fibrinogen antibodies. Besides antibody generation, Creative Biolabs also offers diagnostic immunoassay development services, including feasibility analysis, assay design, assay protocol establishment, assay optimization, and kit production.
If you are interested in the services we provide, please don't hesitate to contact us or directly send us an inquiry. We will get in touch with you as soon as possible.
References
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