Protein conjugation, an amalgamation of biomolecules stemming from two or more protein domains, stands as a pivotal technique in the realm of scientific innovation. Harnessing years of expertise intertwined with cutting-edge technological prowess, Creative Biolabs furnishes a spectrum of protein conjugation services to a worldwide clientele. These services serve to craft conjugates essential for diverse immunoassays and their correlated application.
Typically, protein coupling is achieved through the use of crosslinking agents, a process wherein two or more molecules are covalently bonded together. These agents, containing multiple reactive ends, facilitate chemical attachment to specific functional groups on proteins or other molecules. Protein crosslinkers fall into three primary categories: homologous, heterogenic, and photoreactive variants.
Our protein conjugation service empowers the selection of an optimal crosslinker tailored to the unique properties of the protein, thereby enhancing the stability of your binding protein complex. For instance, Figure 1 illustrates a model showcasing a protein-coupled using an SMCC crosslinker.
Fig.1 SMCC crosslinking agent.
Enzyme and Antibody/Antigen Conjugation |
In the realm of immunoassays and related applications, the predominant protein conjugates harnessed are enzymes like alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase, intricately linked with primary and secondary antibodies, marking them as the most prevalent choices. At Creative Biolabs, our forte lies in the art of enzyme and antibody/antigen conjugation. Our expertise in protein-enzyme or antibody-enzyme labeling services is unrivaled, designed to optimize the maintenance of both enzyme and antibody functionality. We specialize in delivering top-tier protein-protein conjugation services, catering to a multitude of immunoassays and associated applications. Our repertoire includes an array of substrate enzymes, offering a diverse selection, inclusive of but not confined to:
|
Carrier protein Conjugation |
Carrier protein conjugation is mostly used to prepare customized small molecular protein antibodies, and the carrier proteins are mainly as follows:
|
Protein binding interaction analysis |
Upon establishing a stable covalent connection among interacting components, experimental tools become applicable for the analysis of a protein complex sample. |
Creative Biolabs not only offers protein-protein conjugation services but also extends a range of antigen and antibody conjugation services to clientele worldwide. If our services pique your interest, don't hesitate to reach out and outline your conjugation project. We'll swiftly furnish you with estimates for both turnaround time and pricing.
1. Protein-Protein Conjugation for Improved Malaria Antigen Delivery and Enhanced Immune Response
Fig.2 Anti-CSP antibody titer of EPA conjugates of PfCSP synthesized.1
This study showed that protein-protein conjugation was an effective method to improve the immune response to weakly immunogenic antigens. In this study, researchers investigated the immunogenicity of three malaria antigens (PfCSP, Pfs25, and Pfs230D1) when conjugated to three distinct protein carriers (EPA, TT, and CRM197) to assess how the conjugation influenced the immune response. In all cases, these antigens upon conjugation to a carrier protein showed significant increases immunogenicity compared to unconjugated antigens. Besides, they tested four different conjugation chemistries to find that conjugates created using different chemistries or carriers displayed no significant variation in immunogenicity against the conjugated antigens. All of these show that protein-protein conjugation is a widely applicable approach, offering a reliable and flexible platform for developing vaccines.
2. Enzyme-Linked Phage Receptor Binding Protein for Pathogens Detection
Fig.3 Colony lift and blot assay with luminogenic reporter probe NanoLuc-RBP conjugation.2
Recombinant receptor binding proteins (RBPs) have been employed for pathogen detection, often engineered as fusions with reporter enzymes or fluorescent tags. In this paper, researchers utilized the enzyme-linked phage receptor binding protein assays (ELPRA) which were based on the conjugation of bacteriophage RBPs with luminogenic reporter or peroxidase, facilitating the identification of B. anthracis. Researchers introduced two new RBP-based identification assays which were demonstrated to efficiently identify vegetative cells of B. anthracis with minimal processing time, offering potential to enhance or validate pathogen detection through molecular methods like PCR.
References
For Research Use Only.