Based on our advanced Chemokine Production Measurement Service and powerful technology, Creative Biolabs has developed an unparalleled platform for assays of production measurement of XCL, to meet our customers' different purposes. Our highly skilled scientists are ready to get started on your projects.

Introduction of Chemokine XCL

The structure of the chemokine ligand XCL (X-C motif in the N-terminal) subfamily has only one disulfide bond. The C-terminal extension of the XCL family is conserved across species and is necessary for chemokine activity. This family has only two members discovered, XCL1 (Lymphotactin) and XCL2. Gene XLC1 and XLC2 are adjacent on chromosome 1 and their proteins differ only by two amino acids. Thus, the two XCL chemokines have many common features, including that they share one receptor called XCR1.

• Mechanisms of chemokine XCL1

The structural interconversion of XCL1 is entirely reversible, and the sensitive conformational change of its two-state equilibrium is distinctive from other chemokines. XCL1 signals through XCR1 and is a chemoattractant for T cells and NK cells. Fig.1 elucidates the intracellular signaling pathway of XCL1-induced breast cancer cell migration. XCL1 may also play a role in the induction of anti-tumor immunity, graft rejection, T-cell-mediated autoimmunity, and may work as a vaccine adjuvant.

Fig.1 Pro-migratory effects induced by the XCL1–XCR1 axis. (Do & Cho, 2021)

• Mechanisms of chemokine XCL2

XCL2 exchanges between the monomeric and dimeric chemokine fold statement. Tightly associated with immune cell infiltration, XCL2 is significantly linked with many immune effects. It is an independent prognostic factor since upregulated XCL2 was associated with worse overall survival of clear cell renal cell carcinoma and high levels of tumor mutation burden. Furthermore, XCL2 was positively correlated with common immune checkpoints. Therefore, the detection of chemokine XCL is essential for cancer immunotherapy, including the Engineered Cancer Cells with the self-destruction strategy.

Chemokine XCL Production Measurement Services at Creative Biolabs

The XCL expression level in samples may represent the systemic circulation and tumor microenvironment. Detection of the XCL expression in blood or tumor tissues is essential for the tumor-infiltrating immune cell subsets measurement, which is of great value for cancer immunotherapy research.

The RNA extraction with subsequently quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is frequently used to measure the expression level of XCL. The chemokine profile analysis may be required to discover which chemokine plays a vital role in a given condition. The novel multi-probe RNase protection assay (RPA) could simultaneously and comparatively study several chemokines. The expression of XCR1 is also needed to help infer or verify the mechanisms of XCL. The RNAi technology may be employed to achieve the knockdown of XCR1, and the gene and protein expression measurement of XCR1 by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry assays.

With industry-leading expertise and state-of-the-art single-use equipment, Creative Biolabs has pioneered the measurement of chemokine XCL production and their receptors' expression. These parameters could be measured at Creative Biolabs with various methods including flow cytometry (FC), enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA), and Real-time PCR, as described in the related page Chemokine CCL.

Features of XCL Production Measurement Service

✔ Advanced technical platform with high sensitivity, accuracy, and repeatability

✔ Affordable price with the best test quality

✔ Reliable lab report with timely update

Based on advanced facilities, capabilities, and expertise in chemokine science, Creative Biolabs is confident in solving the problems associated with chemokine. Our comprehensive services include chemokine detection and even related cancer immunotherapy projects. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us directly.

References

1. Do, H.T.; Cho, J. Involvement of the ERK/HIF-1α/EMT Pathway in XCL1-induced migration of MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021, 22(1): 89.
2. Cao, Q.; et al. Upregulated XC motif chemokine ligand 2 (XCL2) is associated with poor prognosis and increased immune infiltration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cellular Signalling. 2023, 102: 110556.

For Research Use Only | Not For Clinical Use