Based on our advanced toxicity assessment platforms and powerful technology, Creative Biolabs provides a complete range portfolio of assays for toxicity assessment including quantification of creatine kinase. As an end-to-end company offering high-quality analytical development and qualification services, we have the best advantages in assisting our worldwide customers.

Introduction of Creatine Kinase

Creatine kinase (CK), expressed in various tissues like skeletal muscle, myocardium, and brain, is a fundamental enzyme regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. CK isoenzymes include cytosolic CK and mitochondrial CK. The dimeric cytosolic CK consists of CK-MM (muscle), CK-BB (brain) and CK-MB (heart) forms with different proportions in various tissues. CK reversely catalyzes the interconversion of creatine into phosphocreatine with adenosine triphosphate (ATP). By this reaction, CK possesses a rapid buffering and regeneration capacity of ATP and plays a particularly vital role in tissues with large and fluctuating energy demands like muscle and brain.

Serum CK activity is measured routinely as a sensitive indicator of CK-rich tissue injuries, such as rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure (as shown in Fig.1 ), and autoimmune myositides. The complications of these drug-induced toxicities are complex and potentially life-threatening, and that's why CK is urgently needed to help predict the development of drug-induced injuries. Isozymes of CK are classified into mitochondrial creatine kinase and cytosolic creatine kinase by their specific distribution, which further provides more specific information about these drug-induced toxicities. Therefore, serum CK is one most sensitive and specific diagnostic biomarkers for drug-induced muscle toxicity, kidney toxicity, neuronal toxicity, hepatotoxicity along with many other toxicity conditions.

Fig.1 Kinetic analysis of CK levels in patients with and without renal failure. (de Meijer, et al., 2003)

Creatine Kinase Production Measurement Services at Creative Biolabs

Measurement of CK level in the initial stages or before any treatment is a fundamental requirement to identify the potential risks of the progression to treatment-induced toxicities. By comparing the concentration changes of CK between the experimental group and control group, we could timely monitor possible toxic effects caused by the metabolism of candidate drugs or vaccines. At the same time, CK monitoring is necessary for dose optimization to manage protein level abnormalities and prevent the occurrence of toxicities.

Considering its importance in the evaluation of toxic effects, CK measurement has been researched well by scientists of Creative Biolabs. Numerous photometric, fluorometric, and coupled-enzyme methods have been developed for the assay of CK activity. Measurement of total CK could be achieved by classical methods such as the Hughes method, Rosalki method, Okinaka method, and Tamer and Giluurg method. Measurement of separate CK isoenzymes could be achieved by electrophoresis, column chromatography, and radioimmunoassay, while electrophoresis is the most widely used. After electrophoresis gets the CK isoenzyme bands, fluorometric or spectrophotometric techniques could be used for the qualification. In recent years, increasing novel biosensors have been developed for CK qualification, for example, the surface plasmon resonance technique has been reported to detect CK-MB for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Creative Biolabs provides CK measurement with any of these methods suitable for our customers.

With decades of in-depth study of the toxicity assessment area, Creative Biolabs is one most potent professional technical developers. We will bridge the gap between your sample materials and a well-rounded assessment result of your specific treatment strategies. With dedicated laboratory equipment and specially trained technicians, the detection procedures could be performed on fully automated analyzers, making it a routine service at Creative Biolabs.

Normally, CK is always quantified along with other enzymes and compounds described detailedly in our Toxicity Assessment Service, like bilirubin, alanine aminotransferases (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). No matter which panel of biomarkers you need to test, our experienced experts at Creative Biolabs will do their best to complete your fitness project. If you are interested in this, please feel free to contact us directly.

References

1. de Meijer, A.R.; et al. Serum creatine kinase as predictor of clinical course in rhabdomyolysis: a 5-year intensive care survey. Intensive care medicine. 2003, 29: 1121-1125.
2. Ferreira, A.L.; et al. Development of a novel biosensor for creatine kinase (CK-MB) using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Applied Surface Science. 2021, 554: 149565.

For Research Use Only | Not For Clinical Use