Creative Biolabs has launched our high-quality in vitro diagnostic (IVD) antibody and assay development services to global clients. Our services target a wide range of protein biomarkers of different diseases, such as cathepsin D (CTSD) for breast cancer.
CTSD is a member of the large protease family, which can be subdivided according to their structure and active-site amino acid into cysteine (cathepsins B, C, F, H, K, L, O, S, V, W, and X), serine (cathepsins A and G), and aspartic cathepsins (cathepsins D and E). In general, CTSD is found in acidic cellular organelles, lysosomes, and endosomes. To date, numerous physiological functions of CTSD have been uncovered, including a role in hormone and antigen processing, bone and tissue remodeling, growth factor and proenzyme activation and, more recently, in the immune responses. CTSD also participates in apoptosis and is translocated from the lysosomal lumen to the cytosol of mammalian cells through lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) in response to a variety of apoptotic signals.
Fig.1 Cathepsin D maturation and structure.1
During the past years, breast cancer is diagnosed and surveyed by standard imaging modalities such as ultrasound and mammography. Despite the more frequent use of increasingly sensitive imaging techniques (e.g., MRI), diagnosis and subsequent monitoring of breast cancers rely on a mass of tumor cells that can be felt or seen (usually a mass of >1 billion cells). Therefore, tremendous efforts have been devoted to discovering more specific markers for the detection of breast cancer. Studies have shown that high expression and over-secretion of CTSD have been shown in several independent studies to be associated with an increased risk of recurrence and metastasis in breast cancer. In addition, under pathological inflammatory conditions, CTSD has been associated with distinct disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, atherosclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Creative Biolabs is a trusted partner for the development of IVD antibodies and different types of immunoassay, with different technologies. We offer services ranging from complete IVD immunoassay development to verification & validation, analytical performance analysis, and antibody/antigen conjugations. For more detailed information about what we offer for each stage of the development process, please click the links below:
Please feel free to contact us for more information and discuss your project needs.
Reference
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