CATSPERE Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of CATSPERE

CATSPERE is a newly discovered member of cation channel sperm-associated protein family. It is predicted to be a single spanning-membrane protein type II. The topology of this protein is similar to CatSper-gamma and delta which are localized specifically to the plasma membrane in the same distinct quadrilateral arrangement shown for other subunits. This suggests that CATSPERE is a part of the mature CatSper signaling complex.

Basic Information of CATSPERE
Protein Name	Cation channel sperm-associated protein subunit epsilon
Gene Name	CATSPERE
Aliases	CatSper-epsilon, CatSperepsilon
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	Q5SY80
Transmembrane Times	1
Length (aa)	951
Sequence	MSAREVAVLLLWLSCYGSALWRYSTNSPNYRIFSTRSTIKLEYEGTLFTEWSVPETCFVLNKSSPTTELRCSSPGVHAIKPIVTGPDEEERYLFVESSHTCFLWYYRVRHFFNNFTQLITVWAYDPESADPDELLGNAEEPSINSIVLSTQMATLGQKPVIHTVLKRKVYSSNEKMRRGTWRIVVPMTKDDALKEIRGNQVTFQDCFIADFLILLTFPLLTIPEIPGYLPISSPRGSQLMASWDACVVASAVLVTDMETFHTTDSFKSWTRIRVPPDILSDDERRSVAHVILSRDGIVFLINGVLYIKSFRGFIRLGGIVNLPDGGITGISSRKWCWVNYLLKAKGRRSTFAVWTENEIYLGSILLKFARLVTTTELKNILSLSVTATLTIDRVEYTGHPLEIAVFLNYCTVCNVTKKIFLVIYNEDTKQWVSQDFTLDAPIDSVTMPHFTFSALPGLLLWNKHSIYYCYHNFTFTGILQTPAGHGNLSMLSNDSIIHEVFIDYYGDILVKMENNVIFYSKINTRDAVKLHLWTNYTTRAFIFLSTSGQTYFLYALDDGTIQIQDYPLHLEAQSIAFTTKDKCPYMAFHNNVAHVFYFLDKGEALTVWTQIVYPENTGLYVIVESYGPKILQESHEISFEAAFGYCTKTLTLTFYQNVDYERISDYFETQDKHTGLVLVQFRPSEYSKACPIAQKVFQIAVGCDDKKFIAIKGFSKKGCHHHDFSYVIEKSYLRHQPSKNLRVRYIWGEYGCPLRLDFTEKFQPVVQLFDDNGYVKDVEANFIVWEIHGRDDYSFNNTMAQSGCLHEAQTWKSMIELNKHLPLEEVWGPENYKHCFSYAIGKPGDLNQPYEIINSSNGNHIFWPMGHSGMYVFRVKILDPNYSFCNLTAMFAIETFGLIPSPSVYLVASFLFVLMLLFFTILVLSYFRYMRIYRRYIYEPLHKPQRKRKKN

Function of CATSPERE Membrane Protein

Although there is currently few reports on the function of CATSPERE, it is speculated that it may be a co-protein of the CatSper complex. CATSPERE has been shown a high-sequence homology (52% identical/similar amino acids) with human CatSper-delta in extracellular sequences, which indicates a stabilizing function on channel assembly like that revealed for mouse CatSper-delta that is essential for channel expression and male fertility. Furthermore, a patient with the deficiency in cation channel of sperm (CatSper) function has a homozygous in-frame 6-bp deletion in exon 18 (c.2393_2398delCTATGG, rs761237686) of CATSPERE. This also suggests that CATSPERE is an important element for the normal function of CatSper complex and is required for late in the preparation of sperm for fertilization.

CATSPERE Membrane Protein Introduction Fig.1 (A) Tissue expression profile of CatSper e and z. (B) Spatial localization of CatSpere and z mRNA in the testis. (C) Temporal expression of CatSper1, CatSpere, and CatSperz mRNAs during postnatal testis development. (D) Partitioning of CatSperε and CatSperζ in fractionated extracts of testis from wt mice. (Chung, 2017)

Application of CATSPERE Membrane Protein in Literature

Brown S.G., et al. Homozygous in-frame deletion in CATSPERE in a man producing spermatozoa with loss of CatSper function and compromised fertilizing capacity. Human Reproduction. 2018, 33(10):1812-1816. PubMed ID: 30239785

This study reports an in-frame 6-bp deletion in exon 18 (c.2393_2398delCTATGG, rs761237686) of CATSPERE that is proposed to be the cause of loss of CatSper conductance and subfertility in patient 1.
Chung J.J., et al. CatSperζ regulates the structural continuity of sperm Ca²⁺ signaling domains and is required for normal fertility. eLife. 2017, 6. PubMed ID: 28226241

Authors have identified two genes in mice that encode new accessory proteins in the CatSper channel complex named CatSper epsilon and CatSper zeta.

CATSPERE Preparation Options

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Reference

Chung JJ, et al. (2017). CatSperζ regulates the structural continuity of sperm Ca²⁺ signaling domains and is required for normal fertility. eLife. 6.

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