ITGAV Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of ITGAV

Integrin alpha-V (ITGAV), which in humans is encoded by the ITGAV gene, is composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. It binds to multiple integrin beta chains to form different integrins. In mammals ITGAV includes α_Vβ1, α_Vβ3, α_Vβ5, α_Vβ6, and α_Vβ8 subtypes. ITGAV is a heterodimeric integral membrane protein, which acts as a receptor for many proteins, involved in the cell signal transduction through recognition the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands.

Basic Information of ITGAV
Protein Name	Integrin alpha-V
Gene Name	ITGAV
Aliases	TGAV, CD51, MSK8, VNRA, VTNR, integrin subunit alpha V
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	P06756
Transmembrane Times	1
Length (aa)	1048
Sequence	MAFPPRRRLRLGPRGLPLLLSGLLLPLCRAFNLDVDSPAEYSGPEGSYFGFAVDFFVPSASSRMFLLVGAPKANTTQPGIVEGGQVLKCDWSSTRRCQPIEFDATGNRDYAKDDPLEFKSHQWFGASVRSKQDKILACAPLYHWRTEMKQEREPVGTCFLQDGTKTVEYAPCRSQDIDADGQGFCQGGFSIDFTKADRVLLGGPGSFYWQGQLISDQVAEIVSKYDPNVYSIKYNNQLATRTAQAIFDDSYLGYSVAVGDFNGDGIDDFVSGVPRAARTLGMVYIYDGKNMSSLYNFTGEQMAAYFGFSVAATDINGDDYADVFIGAPLFMDRGSDGKLQEVGQVSVSLQRASGDFQTTKLNGFEVFARFGSAIAPLGDLDQDGFNDIAIAAPYGGEDKKGIVYIFNGRSTGLNAVPSQILEGQWAARSMPPSFGYSMKGATDIDKNGYPDLIVGAFGVDRAILYRARPVITVNAGLEVYPSILNQDNKTCSLPGTALKVSCFNVRFCLKADGKGVLPRKLNFQVELLLDKLKQKGAIRRALFLYSRSPSHSKNMTISRGGLMQCEELIAYLRDESEFRDKLTPITIFMEYRLDYRTAADTTGLQPILNQFTPANISRQAHILLDCGEDNVCKPKLEVSVDSDQKKIYIGDDNPLTLIVKAQNQGEGAYEAELIVSIPLQADFIGVVRNNEALARLSCAFKTENQTRQVVCDLGNPMKAGTQLLAGLRFSVHQQSEMDTSVKFDLQIQSSNLFDKVSPVVSHKVDLAVLAAVEIRGVSSPDHVFLPIPNWEHKENPETEEDVGPVVQHIYELRNNGPSSFSKAMLHLQWPYKYNNNTLLYILHYDIDGPMNCTSDMEINPLRIKISSLQTTEKNDTVAGQGERDHLITKRDLALSEGDIHTLGCGVAQCLKIVCQVGRLDRGKSAILYVKSLLWTETFMNKENQNHSYSLKSSASFNVIEFPYKNLPIEDITNSTLVTTNVTWGIQPAPMPVPVWVIILAVLAGLLLLAVLVFVMYRMGFFKRVRPPQEEQEREQLQPHENGEGNSET

Function of ITGAV Membrane Protein

ITGAV is essential for a variety of cellular signaling pathways including NRG1-ERBB signaling, FGF1 signaling and IL1B signaling. In addition to mediating cell signal transduction, ITGAV also plays a crucial role in cell adhesion. Integrin forms membrane-associative adhesion complexes by recruiting adaptors and signaling proteins and finally plays a role in the classical pathway of adhesion signaling. Several diseases are associated with ITGAV, such as epithelial adhesion, proliferation, wound healing and cancer. Overexpression of the ITGAV gene has been associated with progression and spread of colorectal cancer and prostate cancer. Besides, integrin signaling is also important for the generation and maintenance of epidermis, the heterodimer consisting of alpha V and beta 3 subunits is also known as the vitronectin receptor. In conclusion, integrin regulates cell growth, survival, movement and differentiation through interaction with ECM, various intramembrane and intracellular molecules.

ITGAV Membrane Protein Introduction Fig.1 Integrin intracellular signaling pathways regulated by ILK. (Shishido, 2014)

Application of ITGAV Membrane Protein in Literature

Kokubo T. and Uchida H.E. Integrin alpha(v)beta (3) as a target in the prevention of neointimal hyperplasia. Journal of Vascular Surgery. 2007, 45(6): A33-A38. PubMed ID: 17544022

The authors proposed a new method for β3 integrin antagonists to solve the clinical problems of failed arteriovenous pathways in early hemodialysis.
Cooper C.R., et al. The role of α_vβ3 in prostate cancer progression. Neoplasia. 2002, (3): 191-194. PubMed ID: 11988838

This review discussed the mechanism of α_vβ3 signaling in bone metastases and prostate cancer cells. Vvβ3 activated the PI-3 kinase/Akt signaling pathway, mediating adhesion and migration of prostate cancer cells to osteopontin and vitronectin to promote prostate cancer metastasis to bone.
Weis and Cheresh. α_v Integrins in angiogenesis and cancer. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine.2011, 1(1): a006478. PubMed ID: 22229119

The authors discuss the expression of αv integrin on different cell types, promoting host microenvironment angiogenesis and exogenous matrix deposition, thereby contributing to cancer progression.
Tarone G., et al. Integrin function and regulation in development. International Journal of Developmental Biology. 2000, 44(6): 725-31. PubMed ID: 11061437

The article suggested that cells altered ligand-specific changes by altering the expression of the α integrin subunit, or interacted with the extracellular matrix through integrin cytoplasmic domain, indicating the important role of integrins in development.
Nemerow G.R. and Stewart P.L. Role of α_v integrin in adenovirus cell entry and gene delivery. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews.1993,63.3: 725-734. PubMed ID: 10477314

This article summarized the structure and function of Ad-adhesive and α_v integrin receptors, investigated the structure of integrin-Ad complexes and discussed their exact role in viral infection and gene delivery.

ITGAV Preparation Options

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Reference

Shishido S, et al. (2014). Role of integrin alpha4 in drug resistance of leukemia. Front Oncol. 4(4), 99.

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