SLC16A14 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of SLC16A14

SLC16A14 is also known as Monocarboxylate transporter 14, MCT14 and Solute carrier family 16 member 14. It is a member of the monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family, also known as the SLC16 family of secondary active transmembrane transporters, which is responsible for mediating the transport of monocarboxylates, aromatic amino acids, creatine, and thyroid hormones. SLC16A14 is an orphan transporter regulated by phosphate and highly enriched in kidney localizing to the luminal membrane of one specific nephron segment.

Function of SLC16A14 Membrane Protein

As for SLC16A14, its substrate profile is still unknown and the expression data are limited. SLC16A14 has been found in bovine mammary gland, the gastrointestinal tracts of cattle and the mammary glands of lactating cows, but there is no detailed immunohistochemical analysis of SLC16A14 expression pattern. SLC16A14 is phylogenetically most closely related to SLC16A9, SLC16A2 and SLC16A10. According to the results of quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), SLC16A14 has high expression level in the kidney and moderate levels in the brain, testis, uterus and liver and the renal expression of SLC16A14 is regulated by the dietary content of phosphate. Meanwhile, western blot analysis of renal homogenates from animals used for transcriptome analysis shows that SLC16A14 protein abundance followed the regulation of mRNA by dietary phosphate. Phosphate plays an essential role in a large variety of vital functions ranging from cell signaling and energy metabolism to structural purposes. So, SLC16A14 is also reported to be involved in many cell signaling pathways.

Fig.1 The proposed topology of the SLC16A14 transporter. (Halestrap, 2004)

Application of SLC16A14 Membrane Protein in Literature

1. Knöpfel T., et al. Renal localization and regulation by dietary phosphate of the MCT14 orphan transporter. PLOS ONE. 2017, 12(6):e0177942. PubMed ID: 28662032
   
   

   This article shows that the renal abundance of SLC16A14 is highly regulated by the dietary content of phosphate and that its expression in kidney is restricted to the luminal side of the TAL. However, SLC16A14 seems to transport neither phosphate nor several other substrates of different members of the MCT (SLC16) family.

2. Roshanbin S., et al. Histological characterization of orphan transporter MCT14 (SLC16A14) shows abundant expression in mouse CNS and kidney. BMC Neurosci. 2016, 17:43. PubMed ID: 27364523
   
   

   This article reveals that the phylogenetic analysis of SLC16A14 is closely related to SLC16A2, SLC16A9 and SLC16A10. The authors in this article provide a detailed expression analysis of SLC16A14 expression, finding widespread expression in the mouse brain.

3. Halestrap A.P., et al. The SLC16 gene family—from monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) to aromatic amino acid transporters and beyond. Pflügers Archiv. 2004, 447(5):619-628. PubMed ID: 12739169
   
   

   This article reports that there is some evidence that SLC16 may play a role in the transport of some drugs across the plasma membrane, such as salicylate and valproic acid and SLC16 inhibitors are unlikely to be of pharmacological use.

4. Kirat D., et al. Presence of ten isoforms of monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family in the bovine adrenal gland. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 2009, 298(1):89-100. PubMed ID: 18996437
   
   

   Authors in this group apply RT-PCR to reveal that 10 MCT isoforms, namely MCT1, MCT2, MCT3, MCT4, MCT5, MCT8, MCT9, MCT10, MCT13, and MCT14 (SLC16A14) are expressed in the bovine adrenal gland.

5. Kirat D., et al. Monocarboxylate transporter genes in the mammary gland of lactating cows. Histochemistry and Cell Biology. 2009, 132(4):447-455. PubMed ID: 19636583
   
   

   This article examines the expression of the 14 monocarboxylate transporter genes (MCT1-MCT14) in the mammary gland of mammals. RT-PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence confocal laser microscopy were applied in a comprehensive approach to reveal the expression pattern of SLC16A14 in cow mammary gland.

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Reference

1. Halestrap AP & Meredith D. (2004). The SLC16 gene family—from monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) to aromatic amino acid transporters and beyond. Pflügers Archiv. 447(5):619-628.

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