GPR101 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of GPR101

GPR101 is a protein in humans encoded by the GPR101 gene. GPR101 contains 7 transmembrane domains and transduce extracellular signals through heterotrimeric G proteins. GPR101 belongs to the G-class A rhodopsin superfamily. Phylogenetic analysis shows that it is most similar to GPR161. Both GPCRs are closely related to adrenergic receptors and serotonin receptors, but their transmembrane regions have only about 30% sequence identity. So far, little is known about which organizations express GPR101, especially in humans.

Basic Information of GPR101
Protein Name	Probable G-protein coupled receptor 101
Gene Name	GPR101
Aliases	GPCR6, PAGH2, PITA2
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	Q96P66
Transmembrane Times	7
Length (aa)	508
Sequence	MTSTCTNSTRESNSSHTCMPLSKMPISLAHGIIRSTVLVIFLAASFVGNIVLALVLQRKPQLLQVTNRFIFNLLVTDLLQISLVAPWVVATSVPLFWPLNSHFCTALVSLTHLFAFASVNTIVVVSVDRYLSIIHPLSYPSKMTQRRGYLLLYGTWIVAILQSTPPLYGWGQAAFDERNALCSMIWGASPSYTILSVVSFIVIPLIVMIACYSVVFCAARRQHALLYNVKRHSLEVRVKDCVENEDEEGAEKKEEFQDESEFRRQHEGEVKAKEGRMEAKDGSLKAKEGSTGTSESSVEARGSEEVRESSTVASDGSMEGKEGSTKVEENSMKADKGRTEVNQCSIDLGEDDMEFGEDDINFSEDDVEAVNIPESLPPSRRNSNSNPPLPRCYQCKAAKVIFIIIFSYVLSLGPYCFLAVLAVWVDVETQVPQWVITIIIWLFFLQCCIHPYVYGYMHKTIKKEIQDMLKKFFCKEKPPKEDSHPDLPGTEGGTEGKIVPSYDSATFP

Function of GPR101 Membrane Protein

GPR101 is highly expressed in the hypothalamus of rodents and plays a role in hypothalamic energy balance control. Moreover, an increase in GPR101 mRNA expression was observed in the hypothalamus of rats after puberty and from late pregnancy to late lactation, suggesting that this receptor may also play a role in physiological processes related to pregnancy, breastfeeding, and reproduction. In contrast, few cells appear to express GPR101 in the adult hypothalamus. In addition, normal pituitary and GH-secreting tumors without Xq26.3 repeats also show relatively scarce or negligible GPR101 expression.

Fig.1 Structure of the GPR101 membrane protein.

Application of GPR101 in Literature

Trivellin G., et al. Characterization of GPR101 transcript structure and expression patterns. J Mol Endocrinol. 2016, (2): 7-111. PubMed ID: 27282544

This article reports that GPR101 plays an important role in the development of brain and pituitary gland, and it is specifically expressed in different species at different times.
Iacovazzo D., et al. Gigantism: X-linked acrogigantism and GPR101 mutations. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2016, 30-31: 4-69. PubMed ID: 27743704

This article reveals that high expression of GPR101 in the arcuate nucleus and increased levels of circulating GHRH suggest that increased hypothalamic GHRH secretion may play a role in its pathogenesis in some XLAG patients.
Rodd C., et al. Somatic GPR101 Duplication Causing X-Linked Acrogigantism (XLAG)-Diagnosis and Management. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016, 101(5): 927-30. PubMed ID: 26982009

This paper shows a patient with a somatic cell microreplication resulting in a typical XLAG phenotype. This patient indicates that a negative test result for Xq26.3 microreplication or GPR101 replication on peripheral blood DNA does not rule out the possibility of having XLAG because it may be due to a mosaic mutation affecting the pituitary.
Trivellin G., et al. Screening for GPR101 defects in pediatric pituitary corticotropinomas. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2016, 23(5): 57-365. PubMed ID: 26962002

The article demonstrates that GPR101 is not overexpressed in ACTH secretory tumors, and GPR101 is unlikely to be involved in the pathogenesis of CD.
Ferraù F., et al. Analysis of GPR101 and AIP genes mutations in acromegaly: a multicentric study. Endocrine. 2016 54(3): 62-767. PubMed ID: 26815903

This article shows that the GPR101 p.E308D change is unlikely to play a role in somatotroph adenomas tumorigenesis.

GPR101 Preparation Options

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