GPR156 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of GPR156

GPR156 is encoded by the GPR156 gene which is located at 3q13.33. The mass of GPR156 is 89,097 Da. It belongs to the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) which are a large superfamily of cell membrane receptors that are characterized by 7 helical transmembrane domains, together with N-terminal extracellular and C-terminal intracellular domains. The alternative names of GPR156 in the literature are GABABL (GABAB-related G-protein coupled receptor) and PGR28.

Basic Information of GPR156
Protein Name	Probable G-protein coupled receptor 156
Gene Name	GPR156
Aliases	G-protein coupled receptor PGR28, GABAB-related G-protein coupled receptor
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	Q8NFN8
Transmembrane Times	7
Length (aa)	814
Sequence	MEPEINCSELCDSFPGQELDRRPLHDLCKTTITSSHHSSKTISSLSPVLLGIVWTFLSCGLLLILFFLAFTIHCRKNRIVKMSSPNLNIVTLLGSCLTYSSAYLFGIQDVLVGSSMETLIQTRLSMLCIGTSLVFGPILGKSWRLYKVFTQRVPDKRVIIKDLQLLGLVAALLMADVILLMTWVLTDPIQCLQILSVSMTVTGKDVSCTSTSTHFCASRYSDVWIALIWGCKGLLLLYGAYLAGLTGHVSSPPVNQSLTIMVGVNLLVLAAGLLFVVTRYLHSWPNLVFGLTSGGIFVCTTTINCFIFIPQLKQWKAFEEENQTIRRMAKYFSTPNKSFHTQYGEEENCHPRGEKSSMERLLTEKNAVIESLQEQVNNAKEKIVRLMSAECTYDLPEGAAPPASSPNKDVQAVASVHTLAAAQGPSGHLSDFQNDPGMAARDSQCTSGPSSYAQSLEGPGKDSSFSPGKEEKISDSKDFSDHLDSGCSQKPWTEQSLGPERGDQVPMNPSQSLLPERGGSDPQRQRHLENSEEPPERRSRVSSVIREKLQEVLQDLGLGPEASLSTAPSCHQQTWKNSAAFSPQKMPLSKELGFSPYMVRRRRAAQRARSHFPGSAPSSVGHRANRTVPGAHSRLHVQNGDSPSLAPQTTDSRVRRPSSRKPSLPSDPQDRPGTLEGSKQSQTEPEGARGSKAAFLRQPSGSGRAPSPAAPCLSKASPDLPEQWQLWPPVPSGCASLSSQHSYFDTESSSSDEFFCRCHRPYCEICFQSSSDSSDSGTSDTDPEPTGGLASWEKLWARSKPIVNFKDDLKPTLV

Function of GPR156 Membrane Protein

GPR156 belongs to metabotropic glutamate receptor subfamily which are class C G-protein-coupled receptors that respond to the neurotransmitter glutamate. GPR156 functions as a G-protein coupled GABA receptor which means combining with the amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein, promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. Beyond that, GPR156 has significant homology to the GABAB receptor subunits. GPR156 showed a considerable ubiquitous expression both in the CNS and in peripheral tissues. And the level of GPR156 mRNA observed in fetal brain is about 20-fold higher than that in the adult brain, it reveals a potential role for GPR156 in neural development.

Fig.1 Schematic representation of the members of class C GPCRs (Kniazeff, 2011).

Application of GPR156 Membrane Protein in Literature

Gonzaga-Jauregui C. GPR156 Variants and Uses Thereof. Patent Application No. 15/662,689. 2018.

The disclosure provides nucleic acids, including cDNA, comprising alterations that encode aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 533 of the human GPR156.
Calver A.R., et al. Molecular cloning and characterisation of a novel GABAB-related G-protein coupled receptor. Molecular Brain Research. 2003, 110(2):305-317. PubMed ID: 12591167

This article firstly identifies GPR156 by a homology-based bioinformatics approach. The authors also studied the structure and function of GPR156.
Bochdanovits Z., et al. Genome-Wide Prediction of Functional Gene-Gene Interactions Inferred from Patterns of Genetic Differentiation in Mice and Men. Plos One. 2008, 3(2): e1593. PubMed ID: 18270580

This article intends to reveal the function of genome wide searches for gene-gene interactions based on population genetic data. And the interaction between GPR156 and DNAI2 explain phenotypic differences in depression/anxiety between children.
Harpsøe K., et al. Structural insight to mutation effects uncover a common allosteric site in class C GPCRs. Bioinformatics. 2016, 33(8). PubMed ID: 28011766

Authors in this article use structure insight to uncover a common allosteric site in class C GPCRs, GPR156 is a member of subjects, and they find that GPR156 have a Gly in 5x48 potentially allowing the induced fit of modulators through Trp6x50.

GPR156 Preparation Options

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Reference

Kniazeff J, et al. (2011). Dimers and beyond: the functional puzzles of class c gpcrs. Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 130(1), 9-25.

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