GPR50 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of GPR50

GPR50 is a protein encoded by the GPR50 gene which is composed of 617 amino acids with 7TM hydrophobic segments. It shares the highest sequence homology with melatonin receptors. The principal features of GPR50 include a long C-tail of over 300 amino acids and the absence of consensus sites for N-linked glycosylation in either the amino terminus or the predicted extracellular loops.

Basic Information of GPR50
Protein Name	Melatonin-related receptor
Gene Name	GPR50
Aliases	G protein-coupled receptor 50, H9
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	Q13585
Transmembrane Times	7
Length (aa)	617
Sequence	MGPTLAVPTPYGCIGCKLPQPEYPPALIIFMFCAMVITIVVDLIGNSMVILAVTKNKKLRNSGNIFVVSLSVADMLVAIYPYPLMLHAMSIGGWDLSQLQCQMVGFITGLSVVGSIFNIVAIAINRYCYICHSLQYERIFSVRNTCIYLVITWIMTVLAVLPNMYIGTIEYDPRTYTCIFNYLNNPVFTVTIVCIHFVLPLLIVGFCYVRIWTKVLAARDPAGQNPDNQLAEVRNFLTMFVIFLLFAVCWCPINVLTVLVAVSPKEMAGKIPNWLYLAAYFIAYFNSCLNAVIYGLLNENFRREYWTIFHAMRHPIIFFSGLISDIREMQEARTLARARAHARDQAREQDRAHACPAVEETPMNVRNVPLPGDAAAGHPDRASGHPKPHSRSSSAYRKSASTHHKSVFSHSKAASGHLKPVSGHSKPASGHPKSATVYPKPASVHFKADSVHFKGDSVHFKPDSVHFKPASSNPKPITGHHVSAGSHSKSAFSAATSHPKPTTGHIKPATSHAEPTTADYPKPATTSHPKPTAADNPELSASHCPEIPAIAHPVSDDSDLPESASSPAAGPTKPAASQLESDTIADLPDPTVVTTSTNDYHDVVVIDVEDDPDEMAV

Function of GPR50 Membrane Protein

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are one of the largest superfamily of proteins with over one thousand members identified in the human genome. Members of the GPCRs play key roles in cell signaling and have a wide range of physiological functions. Studies have shown that GPCRs mediate 80% of transmembrane signal transduction in response to ligand binding, linking interactions between the cell and the environment. As a member of the GPCRs, GPR50 encodes an integral membrane protein located on the X-chromosome (Xq28) and found exclusively in mammals. It has been reported that GPR50 is ubiquitously expressed in various regions of the human brain including the pars intermedia of the pituitary, hypothalamus, and hippocampus. What’s more, GPR50 shares approximately 45% identity in amino acid sequence with the melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2 and has been identified as a mammalian orthologue of the avian/amphibian Mel1c receptor.

Fig.1 Schematic drawing of a G protein-coupled receptor structure. (Yu, 2013)

Application of GPR50 Membrane Protein in Literature

Wojciech S., et.al. The orphan GPR50 receptor promotes constitutive TGFβ receptor signaling and protects against cancer development. Nature communications. 2018, 9(1):1216. PubMed ID: 29572483

This article describes a previously unappreciated spontaneous TGFβ-independent activation mode of TβRI and identifies GPR50 as a TβRI co-receptor with potential impact on cancer development.
Elliott S.E., et.al. A pre-eclampsia-associated Epstein-Barr virus antibody cross-reacts with placental GPR50. Clinical Immunology. 2016, 168:64-71. PubMed ID: 27181993

This article reveals that the existence of molecular mimicry between EBNA-1 and placental GPR50 which supporting a mechanism for IgG1 deposition in the pre-eclamptic placenta.
Batailler M., et.al. Neuroanatomical distribution of the orphan GPR50 receptor in adult sheep and rodent brains. Journal of neuroendocrinology. 2012, 24(5):798-808. PubMed ID: 22512326

This article provides an enlarged distribution of GPR50 protein which gives further insight into the organization of the melatoninergic system and may lay the framework for future studies on the role of the GPR50 in the brain.
Bechtold D.A., et.al. A role for the melatonin-related receptor GPR50 in leptin signaling, adaptive thermogenesis, and torpor. Current Biology. 2012, 22(1):70-7. PubMed ID: 22197240

This article suggests that hypothalamic circuits are involved in torpor and GPR50 is a novel component of adaptive thermogenesis in mammals.
Li J., et.al. GPR50 interacts with TIP60 to modulate glucocorticoid receptor signaling. PLoS One. 2011, 6(8):e23725. PubMed ID: 21858214

This article indicates that GPR50 is a novel role in glucocorticoid receptor signaling through interaction with TIP60.

GPR50 Preparation Options

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With advanced technology platforms and professional scientists, Creative Biolabs is committed to promoting the development of our clients’ programs. Except for GPR50 membrane protein preparation, we also offer other membrane protein products. For more detailed information, please feel free to contact us and get a quote.

Reference

Yu, et al. (2013). A simple method for predicting transmembrane proteins based on wavelet transform. International journal of biological sciences. 9(1), 22.

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