SLC13A5 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of SLC13A5

SLC13A5 is also known as solute carrier family 13 member 5, Na⁺/citrate cotransporter, NaCT, sodium-coupled citrate transporter, and Sodium-dependent citrate transporter. It is a member of the mammalian solute carrier family 13 (SLC13), which belongs to the ion transporter superfamily, comprising 16 transporter families, with over 32,000 members identified so far. SLC13A5 possesses twelve transmembrane helices and two helix hairpins. It consists of two inverted 5-TMH repeats connected by a long cytoplasmic loop plus an additional N-terminal helix.

Function of SLC13A5 Membrane Protein

SLC13A5 is a member of the sodium dicarboxylate/sulfate cotransporter family. SLC13A5 recognizes and transports various dicarboxylate and tricarboxylate TCA intermediates with citrate as the predominant substrate. SLC13A5 is most abundantly expressed in the plasma membrane of hepatocytes and controls the uptake of citrate into hepatocytes from the bloodstream, where the citrate concentration (100–150 μm) is several fold greater than that of all other TCA intermediates combined, suggesting that SLC13A5 may play a key physiological role in facilitating the use of circulating citrate by the liver. At the same time, the human citrate transporter SLC13A5 plays a central role in fatty acid synthesis and glycolysis, and is a potential drug target against obesity and diabetes. SLC13A5 plays critical roles in fatty acid synthesis, cholesterol synthesis, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis and may represent a novel therapeutic target for obesity and metabolic disorders.

Fig.1 Structure of SLC13A5 membrane protein (Mancusso,2012).

Application of SLC13A5 Membrane Protein in Literature

1. Mancusso R., et al. Structure and mechanism of a bacterial sodium-dependent dicarboxylate transporter. Nature. 2012, 491:622. PubMed ID: 23086149
   
   

   This article reports the structure and mechanism of a bacterial sodium-dependent dicarboxylate transporter, which is homologous fly gene of SLC13A5 and shares 26–33% sequence identity with the three human SLC13 transporters.

2. Li L., et al. SLC13A5 Is a Novel Transcriptional Target of the Pregnane X Receptor and Sensitizes Drug-Induced Steatosis in Human Liver. Mol. Pharmacol. 2015, 87(4):674-682. PubMed ID: 28655760
   
   

   The results of this article expand the role of SLC13A5 from facilitating hepatic energy homeostasis to influencing hepatoma cell proliferation and suggest a potential role of SLC13A5 in the progression of human hepatocellular carcinoma.

3. Brachs S., et al. Inhibition of citrate cotransporter Slc13a5/mINDY by RNAi improves hepatic insulin sensitivity and prevents diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. Molecular Metabolism. 2016, 5(11):1072-1082. PubMed ID: 27818933
   
   

   The article demonstrates that SLC13A5 is involved in regulation of liver fat metabolism because siRNA-mediated SLC13A5 inhibition prevented neutral lipid storage and triglyceride accumulation in the liver and no effect on body weight.

4. Irizarry A.R., et al. Defective enamel and bone development in sodium-dependent citrate transporter (NaCT) Slc13a5 deficient mice. PLoS ONE. 2017, 12(4):e0175465. PubMed ID: 28406943
   
   

   The findings of this article reveal that SLC13A5 plays a potentially important role in the development and function of teeth and bone because SLC13A5 deficiency led to decreased bone mineral density and impaired bone formation in 13-week-old mice but not in older mice.

5. Huard K., et al. Discovery and characterization of novel inhibitors of the sodium-coupled citrate transporter (NaCT or SLC13A5). Scientific Reports. 2015, 5:17391. PubMed ID: 26620127
   
   

   This article suggests that the inhibition of SLC13A5 may be an attractive therapeutic target to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes because compound targeting SLC13A5 result in reducing hepatic glucose and lipid production.

SLC13A5 Preparation Options

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Reference

1. Mancusso R., et al. (2012) Structure and mechanism of a bacterial sodium-dependent dicarboxylate transporter. Nature. 491:622.

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