SSTR1 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of SSTR1

Somatostatin receptor type 1 (SSTR1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SSTR1 gene. It is a novel EBV-associated promoter hypermethylation gene in gastric cancer. SSTR1 has an important tumour suppressive role in gastric cancer by modulating the expression of the important effectors involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle and invasion. Epigenetic silencing of SSTR1 by EBV infection may contribute to the pathogenesis of EBV-associated gastric cancer.

Basic Information of SSTR1
Protein Name	SSTR1
Gene Name	SSTR1
Aliases	SS-1-R,SS1-R, SS1R, SRIF-2
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	P30872
Transmembrane Times	7
Length (aa)	391
Sequence	MFPNGTASSPSSSPSPSPGSCGEGGGSRGPGAGAADGMEEPGRNASQNGTLSEGQGSAILISFIYSVVCLVGLCGNSMVIYVILR YAKMKTATNIYILNLAIADELLMLSVPFLVTSTLLRHWPFGALLCRLVLSVDAVNMFTSIYCLTVLSVDRYVAVVHPIKAARYRR PTVAKVVNLGVWVLSLLVILPIVVFSRTAANSDGTVACNMLMPEPAQRWLVGFVLYTFLMGFLLPVGAICLCYVLIIAKMRMVAL KAGWQQRKRSERKITLMVMMVVMVFVICWMPFYVVQLVNVFAEQDDATVSQLSVILGYANSCANPILYGFLSDNFKRSFQRILCL SWMDNAAEEPVDYYATALKSRAYSVEDFQPENLESGGVFRNGTCTSRITTL

Function of SSTR1 Membrane Protein

SSTR1 is a receptor for somatostatin with higher affinity for somatostatin-14 than -28. This receptor is coupled via pertussis toxin sensitive G proteins to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. It stimulates phosphotyrosine phosphatase and Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger via pertussis toxin insensitive G proteins. Besides, studies have revealed that SSTR1 and SSTR2 were highly expressed in the medial preoptic area, suprachiasmatic nucleus, as well as the arcuate nucleus. However, high SSTR1, but low SSTR2, expression was found in the para- and periventricular nuclei as well as in the ventral premammillary nucleus. Therefore, these distributional patterns conform to those of somatostatin binding sites as visualized by in vitro autoradiography, revealing that an essential proportion of SSTR1 and SSTR2 receptors in the hypothalamus are associated with the perikary and dendrites of intrinsic neurons.

Fig.1 Rat sst1 receptor interactions and phosphorylation sites. (Csaba, 2012)

Application of SSTR1 Membrane Protein in Literature

Zhao J., et al. Somatostatin receptor 1, a novel EBV-associated CpG hypermethylated gene, contributes to the pathogenesis of EBV-associated gastric cancer. Cancer. 2013. PubMed ID: 23722468

This article reports that SSTR1 is a novel methylated gene driven by EBV infection in gastric cancer cells and acts as a potential tumour suppressor.
Ymada Y., et al. Cloning and functional characterization of a family of human and mouse somatostatin receptors expressed in brain, gastrointestinal tract, and kidney. Proc Natl Acad. 1992, 89(1): 251-5. PubMed ID: 1346068

This article reveals that SSTR1 is a member of a larger family of somatostatin receptors.
Pasquali D., et al. Somatostatin receptor genes expression and effects of octreotide on orbital fibroblasts from Graves' ophthalmopathy. Minerva Endocrinol. 2001, 26(3): 175-9. PubMed ID: 11753241

Authors in this group demonstrate that sst transcripts are expressed and functional in cultured retroorbital fibroblasts.
Zatelli M.C., et al. Somatostatin receptor subtype 1-selective activation reduces cell growth and calcitonin secretion in a human medullary thyroid carcinoma cell line. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002, 297(4): 828-34. PubMed ID: 12359227

This article reveals that potent SSTR1-selective agonists could have a therapeutic role in Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).
Pasquali D., et al. Somatostatin receptor genes are expressed in lymphocytes from retroorbital tissues in Graves' disease. Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002, 87(11): 5125-9. PubMed ID: 12414882

This article suggests the presence, even if at different concentrations, of all SSTR1-5 receptors in retroorbital lymphocytes from Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), shows that they are targeted by SST analogs and could explain the effects described in GO patients treated with SST analogs.

SSTR1 Preparation Options

To obtain the soluble and functional target protein, the versatile Magic™ membrane protein production platform in Creative Biolabs enables many flexible options, from which you can always find a better match for your particular project. Aided by our versatile Magic™ anti-membrane protein antibody discovery platform, we also provide customized anti-SSTR1 antibody development services.

As a forward-looking research institute as well as a leading customer service provider in the field of membrane protein, Creative Biolabs has won good reputation among our worldwide customers for successfully accomplishing numerous challenging projects including generation of many functional membrane proteins. Please feel free to contact us for more information.

Reference

Csaba Z., et al. (2012). Molecular mechanisms of somatostatin receptor trafficking. Journal of molecular endocrinology. 48(1), R1-R12.

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