TTYH2 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of TTYH2

TTYH2 gene is located at 17q24. The encoded human protein TTYH2 has 534 amino acids. The protein is characterized by five membrane-spanning domains and N-glycan modifications important for trafficking to the plasma membrane, where these proteins are oriented with the amino terminus located extracellularly and the carboxyl terminus located cytoplasmically. Consistent with Ca²⁺ dependence, both TTYH2 and TTYH3 contain an acidic-amino-acid cluster at the C-terminus, predicted to interact with Ca²⁺ ions. hTTY2 as a putative chloride ion channel plays a role in Ca²⁺ signal transduction. The protein may be involved in cell proliferation and cell aggregation.

Basic Information of TTYH2
Protein Name	Protein tweety homolog 2 (hTTY2)
Gene Name	TTYH2, C17orf29
Aliases
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	Q9BSA4
Transmembrane Times	5
Length (aa)	534
Sequence	MQAARVDYIAPWWVVWLHSVPHVGLRLQPVNSTFSPGDESYQESLLFLGLVAAVCLGLNLIFLVAYLVCACHCRRDDAVQTKQHHSCCITWTAVVAGLICCAAVGVGFYGNSETNDGAYQLMYSLDDANHTFSGIDALVSGTTQKMKVDLEQHLARLSEIFAARGDYLQTLKFIQQMAGSVVVQLSGLPVWREVTMELTKLSDQTGYVEYYRWLSYLLLFILDLVICLIACLGLAKRSKCLLASMLCCGALSLLLSWASLAADGSAAVATSDFCVAPDTFILNVTEGQISTEVTRYYLYCSQSGSSPFQQTLTTFQRALTTMQIQVAGLLQFAVPLFSTAEEDLLAIQLLLNSSESSLHQLTAMVDCRGLHKDYLDALAGICYDGLQGLLYLGLFSFLAALAFSTMICAGPRAWKHFTTRNRDYDDIDDDDPFNPQAWRMAAHSPPRGQLHSFCSYSSGLGSQTSLQPPAQTISNAPVSEYMNQAMLFGRNPRYENVPLIGRASPPPTYSPSMRATYLSVADEHLRHYGNQFPA

Function of TTYH2 Membrane Protein

Using comparative genomic hybridization, high-level amplification of 17q24-q25, the region containing TTYH2 has been found in adrenocortical tumors, brain metastases of solid tumors, and muscle-invasive bladder cancer. These findings could suggest that up-regulated TTYH2 gene expression might play an important role in the carcinogenesis of various cancers. Furthermore, TTYH2 functions as a cell surface receptor, and its up-regulation may give a growth advantage or metastatic ability to cancer cells.

Fig.1 Previously predicted membrane topology and structural features of Tweety family proteins. (He, 2008)

Application of TTYH2 Membrane Protein in Literature

Toiyama Y., et al. TTYH2, a human homologue of the Drosophila melanogaster gene tweety, is up-regulated in colon carcinoma and involved in cell proliferation and cell aggregation. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2007, 13(19):2717-21. PubMed ID: 17569141

This article finds that the TTYH2 gene may play an important role in regulating both proliferating and metastatic potentials of colorectal cancer.
He Y., et al. The ubiquitin-protein ligase Nedd4-2 differentially interacts with and regulates members of the Tweety family of chloride ion channels. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2008, 283(35):24000-10. PubMed ID: 18577513

This article suggests that Nedd4-2 differentially interacts with and regulates TTYH1-3, which is important for understanding mechanisms controlling Tweety proteins in physiology and disease.
Rae F.K., et al. TTYH2, a human homologue of the Drosophila melanogaster gene tweety, is located on 17q24 and upregulated in renal cell carcinoma. Genomics. 2001, 77(3):200-7. PubMed ID: 11597145

This article suggests that over-expression of TTYH2 in renal cell carcinoma may have an important role in kidney tumorigenesis.
Halleran A.D., et al. Characterization of tweety gene (ttyh1-3) expression in Xenopus laevis during embryonic development. Gene Expression Patterns. 2015, 17(1):38-44. PubMed ID: 25541457

This article reveals that ttyh1, ttyh2, and ttyh3 may play distinct roles throughout embryonic development.
He Y., et al. N-glycosylation analysis of the human Tweety family of putative chloride ion channels supports a penta-spanning membrane arrangement: impact of N-glycosylation on cellular processing of Tweety homologue 2 (TTYH2). Biochemical Journal. 2008, 412(1):45-55. PubMed ID: 18260827

This article suggests that N-glycosylation impacts on TTYH2 protein levels, ubiquitination and, to a lesser extent, on its cellular localization.

TTYH2 Preparation Options

Membrane protein studies have advanced significantly over the past few years. Based on our versatile Magic™ membrane protein production platform, we could offer a series of membrane protein preparation services for worldwide customers in reconstitution forms as well as multiple active formats. Aided by our versatile Magic™ anti-membrane protein antibody discovery platform, we also provide customized anti-TTYH2 antibody development services.

During the past years, Creative Biolabs has successfully generated many functional membrane proteins for our global customers. We are happy to accelerate the development of our clients’ programs with our one-stop, custom-oriented service. For more detailed information, please feel free to contact us.

Reference

He Y, et al. (2008). N-glycosylation analysis of the human Tweety family of putative chloride ion channels supports a penta-spanning membrane arrangement: impact of N-glycosylation on cellular processing of Tweety homologue 2 (TTYH2). Biochemical Journal. 412(1): 45-55.

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