Adenoviral Vector-based Vaccine Development
Adenoviruses have evolved from tools for gene replacement therapy to vaccine delivery vehicles. They are attractive vaccine vectors as they induce both innate and adaptive immune responses in mammalian hosts. Adenovirus vectors have been tested as subunit vaccine systems for numerous infectious diseases ranging from malaria to HIV-1. Creative Biolabs is a world-class biotechnology company and has developed a comprehensive adenoviral vector construction platform for gene therapy. We offer a variety of adenoviral vector construction services to meet the needs of each customer.
Introduction to Adenovirus Vector in Vaccine Development
Adenoviruses were initially vectored as vehicles for gene therapy. Attempts to replace missing or faulty genes by adenovirus gene transfer have largely failed due to adenovirus-induced innate and adaptive immune responses. This reduced their appeal as gene replacement vehicles while it invited their use as vaccine carriers. Thus far, most efforts have focused on vectors derived from adenovirus of the human serotype 5 (AdHu5) and a large proportion of adenovirus vectors tested in the clinic are based on this serotype.
AdHu5 vectors are generated from so-called molecular clones in which the entire adenoviral genome including the ITRs is carried in a bacterial plasmid, allowing for its propagation in Escherichia coli. The sequence of interest can be ligated directly into the molecular clone, which then upon removal of the bacterial sequences is transfected into suitable packaging cell lines. The use of molecular clones not only facilitates the generation of AdHu5 vectors, but will also facilitate the eventual clinical use of adenoviral vectors derived from species other than humans. AdHu5 initially bind to the coxsackie adenovirus receptor (CAR), which is expressed on many cell types, including hepatocytes, the basolateral surface of epithelial cells, endothelial cells, myoblasts, and heart muscle cells. Lymphoid cells do not express CAR but provide a reservoir for persistent infections with adenoviruses that use CAR.
Figure 1. Development of adenoviral-vectored vaccines through homologous recombination. (Afkhami, 2016)
Service
As more effective, novel and safe vaccines are sought for existing human diseases, adenovirus vectors are becoming an important immuno-prophylactic tool in modern medicine. Adenoviruses have a broad tropism infecting a variety of dividing and non-dividing cells. They can be grown to high titers in tissue culture. The advantages of adenovirus vectored vaccines include efficient antigen presentation and induction of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Adenovirus vectors are being extensively explored for their applications in gene therapy. Based on high-end scientists and professional platforms, we provide the AdHu5 and other serotypes of adenovirus vector construction services for vaccine development.
Creative Biolabs has been dedicated to the development of gene therapy for many years. We are fully committed to working with you to facilitate the successful completion of the projects. We have accumulated a wealth of experience from the accomplished projects and are very proud of our high-quality platforms to meet diverse needs from our clients. If you are interested in our services, please contact us for more details.
Reference
- Afkhami, S.; et al. (2016). Methods and clinical development of adenovirus-vectored vaccines against mucosal pathogens. Molecular Therapy - Methods & Clinical Development. 3:16030.
