PTGER3 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of PTGER3

PTGER3, also known as EP3, is a prostaglandin receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) encoded by the human gene PTGER3. It is one of four identified EP receptors, the others being EP1, EP2, and EP4, all of which bind with and mediate cellular responses to PGE2. Besides, it has demonstrated that PTGER3 enables to couples to Gi to suppress PKA activity.

Basic Information of PTGER3
Protein Name	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype
Gene Name	PTGER3
Aliases	Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype, PGE receptor EP3 subtype, PGE2 receptor EP3 subtype, PGE2-R, Prostanoid EP3 receptor
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	P43115
Transmembrane Times	7
Length (aa)	390
Sequence	MKETRGYGGDAPFCTRLNHSYTGMWAPERSAEARGNLTRPPGSGEDCGSVSVAFPI TMLLTGFVGNALAMLLVSRSYRRRESKRKKSFLLCIGWLALTDLVGQLLTTPVVIV VYLSKQRWEHIDPSGRLCTFFGLTMTVFGLSSLFIASAMAVERALAIRAPHWYASH MKTRATRAVLLGVWLAVLAFALLPVLGVGQYTVQWPGTWCFISTGRGGNGTSSSHN WGNLFFASAFAFLGLLALTVTFSCNLATIKALVSRCRAKATASQSSAQWGRITTET AIQLMGIMCVLSVCWSPLLIMMLKMIFNQTSVEHCKTHTEKQKECNFFLIAVRLAS LNQILDPWVYLLLRKILLRKFCQIRYHTNNYASSSTSLPCQCSSTLMWSDHLER

Function of PTGER3 Membrane Protein

This PTGER3 receptor serves several functions. First, inhibition of the PGE2-EP3 pathway underlies the ability of aspirin and other Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce fever caused by inflammation in animals and, possibly, humans. Then, EP3 receptor-deficient mice and/or wild type mice treated with an EP3 receptor agonist are similarly protected from allergic responses in models of allergic conjunctivitis and contact hypersensitivity. Thus, EP3 appears to serve an important role in reducing allergic reactivity at least in mice. Third, studies with mice, guinea pig, and human tissues and in guinea pigs indicate that PGE2 operates through EP3 to trigger cough responses.

Fig.1 Structure of PTGER3 membrane protein.

Application of PTGER3 Membrane Protein in Literature

Ueta M., et.al. Association between prostaglandin E receptor 3 polymorphisms and Stevens-Johnson syndrome identified by means of a genome-wide association study. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2010, 126(6): 1218-1225. PubMed ID: 20947153.

This article demonstrates that using both genetic and functional analyses, EP3 could be a key player in the pathogenesis of SJS/TEN accompanied by ocular complications.
Natura G., et al. Neuronal prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype EP3 mediates antinociception during inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013, 110(33): 13648-13653. PubMed ID: 23904482.

This article reveals that the EP3 receptor provides endogenous pain control and that selective activation of EP3 receptors may be a unique approach to reverse inflammatory pain. Importantly, they identified the EP3 receptor in the joint nerves of patients with painful osteoarthritis.
Han X., et al. Inhibition of prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 mitigates thrombin-induced brain injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2016, 36(6): 1059-1074. PubMed ID: 26661165.

The article shows that prostaglandin E2 EP3 receptor contributes to thrombin-induced brain damage via Rho-Rho kinase-mediated cytotoxicity and proinflammatory responses.
Maingret V., et al. PGE2-EP3 signaling pathway impairs hippocampal presynaptic long-term plasticity in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2017, 50: 13-24. PubMed ID: 27837675

This article reveals that the building up of PGE2 during the progression of AD leads to specific impairment of hippocampal presynaptic plasticity and highlights EP3 receptors as a potential target to alleviate cognitive deficits in AD.
Kim S.O., et.al. EP3 receptor isoforms are differentially expressed in subpopulations of primate granulosa cells and couple to unique G-proteins. Reproduction. 2013, REP-13-0274. PubMed ID: 24062570.

The article reveals that Prostaglandin E2 produced within the ovarian follicle is necessary for ovulation. Prostaglandin E2 is recognized by four distinct G-protein coupled receptors. Among them, PTGER3 (also known as EP3) is unique. Differential expression of EP3 isoforms may yield different intracellular responses to prostaglandin E2 in granulosa cell subpopulations.

PTGER3 Preparation Options

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