SLC1A2 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of SLC1A2

Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2), also known as solute family 1 member 2 (SLC1A2) and glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1), is a protein encoded by the SLC1A2 gene in humans. There are spliced transcript variants of SLC1A2, but their intact nature is unclear.

Basic Information of SLC1A2
Protein Name	Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2)
Gene Name	SLC1A2
Aliases	Glutamate/aspartate transporter II, Sodium-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter 2, Solute carrier family 1 member 2
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	P43004
Transmembrane Times	8
Length (aa)	574
Sequence	MASTEGANNMPKQVEVRMHDSHLGSEEPKHRHLGLRLCDKLGKNLLLTLTVFGVILGAVCGGLLRLASPIHPDVVMLIAFPGDILMRMLKMLILPLIISSLITGLSGLDAKASGRLGTRAMVYYMSTTIIAAVLGVILVLAIHPGNPKLKKQLGPGKKNDEVSSLDAFLDLIRNLFPENLVQACFQQIQTVTKKVLVAPPPDEEANATSAVVSLLNETVTEVPEETKMVIKKGLEFKDGMNVLGLIGFFIAFGIAMGKMGDQAKLMVDFFNILNEIVMKLVIMIMWYSPLGIACLICGKIIAIKDLEVVARQLGMYMVTVIIGLIIHGGIFLPLIYFVVTRKNPFSFFAGIFQAWITALGTASSAGTLPVTFRCLEENLGIDKRVTRFVLPVGATINMDGTALYEAVAAIFIAQMNGVVLDGGQIVTVSLTATLASVGAASIPSAGLVTMLLILTAVGLPTEDISLLVAVDWLLDRMRTSVNVVGDSFGAGIVYHLSKSELDTIDSQHRVHEDIEMTKTQSIYDDMKNHRESNSNQCVYAAHNSVIVDECKVTLAANGKSADCSVEEEPWKREK

Function of SLC1A2 Protein

SLC1A2 is a member of the solute family of protein families. Membrane-binding proteins are the major transporters of excitatory neurotransmitters in the extrasynaptic space of the central nervous system. Glutamate clearance is necessary for proper synaptic activation and can prevent nerve damage from excessive activation of glutamate receptors. SLC1A2 is responsible for more than 90% of glutamate reuptake in the brain. Mutation and reduced expression of this protein is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The drug riluzole is approved for the treatment of ALS upregulates SLC1A2. Ceftriaxone, an antibiotic, has been shown to induce/enhance the expression of SLC1A2, thereby reducing glutamate activity. Ceftriaxone has been shown to reduce the development and expression of resistance to opioids and other drugs of abuse. SLC1A2 may play an important role in drug addiction and tolerance to addictive drugs. Upreg regulation of SLC1A2 (GLT-1) causes damage to prepulse inhibition, and sensory control defects exist in animal models of schizophrenia and schizophrenia. Some antipsychotic drugs have been shown to reduce the expression of SLC1A2.

Fig.1 The structure of SLC1A2 protein.

Application of SLC1A2 Protein in Literature

Jia Y. F., et al. Differential SLC1A2 Promoter Methylation in Bipolar Disorder With or Without Addiction. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. 2017, (11): 217. PubMed ID: 28785205.

These results suggest that individual dot methylation in the SLC1A2 promoter region may be altered by exogenous addiction and may develop clinically valuable epigenetic biomarkers for BD diagnosis and monitoring.
Fiorentino A., et al. Association of rare variation in the glutamate receptor gene SLC1A2 with susceptibility to bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. European Journal of Human Genetics. 2015, 23(9):1200-1206. PubMed ID: 25406999.

These findings are exploratory in nature and awaiting replication in larger populations, however, they provide interesting evidence that potential functional rare variations in the SLC1A2 gene may lead to susceptibility to mental illness.
Yu S.W., et al. SLC1A2 Variant Is Associated with Essential Tremor in Taiwanese Population. PLoS ONE. 2013, 8 (8): e71919. PubMed ID: 23951268

These results support the fact that SLC1A2 is perhaps a good functional candidate gene for ET.
Simonin A., et al. The Hydroxyl Side Chain of a Highly Conserved Serine Residue Is Required for Cation Selectivity and Substrate Transport in the Glial Glutamate Transporter GLT-1/SLC1A2.The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2015, 290 (51): 30464–30474. PubMed ID: 26483543.

These findings confirm the key role of serine 364, hydroxyl group of which is key to couple sodium and substrate flux.
Ross J. P., et al. SLC1A2 rs3764087 Does Not Associate with Essential Tremor. Neurobiology of aging. 2014, 35 (4): 935.e9–935.10. PubMed ID: 24139280.

These findings do not support the susceptibility of SLC1A2 rs3764087 to ET in the North American population.

SLC1A2 Preparation Options

To obtain the soluble and functional target protein, the versatile Magic™ membrane protein production platform in Creative Biolabs enables many flexible options, from which you can always find a better match for your particular project. Aided by our versatile Magic™ anti-membrane protein antibody discovery platform, we also provide customized anti-SLC1A2 antibody development services.

Creative Biolabs' skillful scientists are glad to leverage our expertise and advanced technologies to help you with the member protein research. If you are interested, please feel free to contact us for more details.

All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

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