MMP-9

MMP-9 is a matrixin, a class of enzymes that belong to the zinc-metalloproteinases family involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix. It is secreted from neutrophils, macrophages, and a number of transformed cells, and is the most complex family member in terms of domain structure and regulation of its activity. It plays an important role in tissue remodelling in normal and pathological inflammatory processes. MMP-9 is a major secretion product of macrophages and a component of cytoplasmic granules of neutrophils, and is particularly important in the pathogenesis of inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic diseases in many organs including the lung. This enzyme is also secreted by lymphocytes and stromal cells upon stimulation by inflammatory cytokines, or upon delivery of bi-directional activation signals following integrin-mediated cell-cell or cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) contacts. Since the integrity of the tissue architecture is closely dependent of the delicate balance between MMPs and their inhibitors, excessive production of MMP-9 is linked to tissue damage and degenerative inflammatory disorders.

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