Norovirus

Norovirus (NoV), also known as the winter vomiting bug, is the most common virus that causes gastroenteritis. Diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting are common manifestations of infections caused by the virus, and sometimes symptoms of fever and headache. The fecal–oral route is the main mode of transmission of the virus and the viruses can spread directly from person to person and indirectly through contaminated food or water. The virus is highly contagious and requires only 20 viral particles to cause infection. The genome of the virus is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA, and the virions do not contain an envelope. As a genus of the Caliciviridae family, the Norovirus genus contains only one species of Norwalk virus.

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