Amiloride-sensitive sodium channel, also known as epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), is a membrane-bound ion channel which is composed of three homologous subunits (α, β, and γ). As a constitutively active channel, ENaC allows the flow of Na⁺ ions from the lumen into the epithelial cell, across the apical cell membrane. The absorbed Na⁺ ions are then pumped out of the cell into the interstitial fluid by the action of Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase located on the basolateral membrane. It has been reported that the activity of ENaC is regulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and a complex variety of extracellular factors including Na⁺, Cl⁻, protons, shear stress, and proteases. Until now, four members of the ENaC family have been identified, namely alpha-NaCH, beta-NaCH, delta-NaCH, and gamma-ENaC. Studies have shown that ENaC is involved primarily in the reabsorption of sodium ions at the collecting ducts of the kidney's nephrons. In addition, it also has a central role in the regulation of extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure.
Here, we have described in detail of members of the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel, including alpha-NaCH, beta-NaCH, delta-NaCH, and gamma-ENaC. To learn more detailed information, please click the links below.
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