The bestrophin family of proteins comprises four protein members containing bestrophin-1, bestrophin-2, bestrophin-3, and bestrophin-4, that are respectively encoded by evolutionarily related genes BEST1, BEST2, BEST3, and BEST4. Bestrophin, present in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE), is a basolateral plasma membrane protein with a molecular weight of 68 kDa. The proteins from this small family consisting of a highly conserved N-terminus with four to six transmembrane domains. Related research has shown that bestrophins are capable of forming calcium-activated chloride-ion channels in epithelial cells, however, they have been demonstrated highly permeable to bicarbonate ion transport in retinal tissue. In addition, bestrophins may play a role in the formation of chloride ion channels or the regulation of voltage-gated L-type calcium-ion channels.
Here, we present part of bestrophin transport proteins in humans including the following two different family members including bestrophin-1 and bestrophin-2.
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