HLA Antibody Detection Services

Cellular or antibodies mediate the rejection of solid organ allotransplants. In the majority of cases, the rejection reaction is directly aimed at human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expressed on the cells of the transplanted organ. The detection of HLA antibodies, particularly those directly aimed at the HLA of the donor has been at the forefront of donor-recipient histocompatibility testing since transplantation became a clinical reality. Creative Biolabs provides a set of HLA antibody detection assays to assess an individual's sensitization status and identify the antigens specifically targeted by those antibodies.

HLA Antibody Detection Assays

Panel Reactive Antibody (PRA) Screening

• PRA screening, also known as HLA antibody screening or specificity identification testing, is an important part of the pre-transplant assessment. Creative Biolabs provides PRA screening to identify HLA antibodies in transplant candidates.

HLA Single Antigen (SAB) Bead Assay

• SAB assay produces trusted results with consistency and high sensitivity. It is considered to be the gold standard in HLA antibody detection. Besides, SAB assay performed on the Luminex platform is the most sensitive diagnostic method for HLA antibody detection and identification. Creative Biolabs provides HLA single antigen bead assay to determine the antibody profiles against HLA precisely.

HLA Single Antigen-C1q Screening

• The HLA single antigen-C1q screening is the improvement of the HLA single antigen class I and class II bead test that detects the fixation of C1q, the first component of the classical complement cascade, to anti-HLA antibodies bound to beads. Creative Biolabs provides HLA single antigen-C1q screening to characterize the potentially high titer or complement activating antibodies.

Antibody Specificity Profile Assay

• Antibody specificity profiling is used to examine antibody reactivity against lots of human protein targets under either native or denaturing conditions. Antibody specificity profiling is often used for verifying reagents critical to basic science or prioritizing therapeutic large molecules. Creative Biolabs provides antibody specificity profile assays to determine the antibody reactivity against HLA.

Complement-dependent Cytotoxic Crossmatch (CDC-XM)

• The complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) was the first technique routinely used for HLA antibody detection and the crossmatch test. CDC-XM is a technology that can be applied to both T cells and B cells. The former reflects the presence of HLA class I antibodies, while the latter reflects both HLA class I and II antibodies. Creative Biolabs offers CDC-XM to provide direct evidence for the presence of potentially pathologic (cytotoxic) alloantibodies.

Flow Cytometric Crossmatch (FCXM)

• FCXM involves mixing donor lymphocytes, the recipient's immune serum, and fluorescent-labeled antibodies into a sample. The antibodies used are specific to the donor HLA and various T-cell and B-cell specific markers. Creative Biolabs provides FCXM to detect donor-specific antibodies pre- or post-transplant and autoantibodies.

Comparison of Different Assays

HLA antibody testing assesses can assess an individual's sensitization status and identifies the antigens specifically targeted by those antibodies. Panel reactive antibody screening is used to identify anti-HLA antibodies assess reactions of antibodies with purified or recombinant HLA antigens coupled to specialized microparticles. CDC-XM and FCXM are used to assess the reactivity of the patient's serum with a specific donor's antigens. Each of these assays has varying sensitivity and specificity for HLA antibody identification. Specific differences between these assays are shown in the following table:

As a world leader in HLA testing, Creative Biolabs offers a collection of integrated solutions to help you identify HLA antibodies that may cause graft rejection. Our provided selection of HLA antibodies detection assays vary in format, sensitivity, and specificity and all products are designed for ease of use, lab efficiency, and optimized automation. If you are interested in our HLA antibody detection assay, please feel free to contact us directly.

Reference

1. Tait, B.D. Detection of HLA antibodies in organ transplant recipients - triumphs and challenges of the solid phase bead assay. Front Immunol. 2016.