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Macrophage belongs to an innate immune cell and it is actively recruited into the tumor microenvironment by tumor-derived chemokines. Besides, there are reports saying macrophage represents up to 50% of the tumor mass. Therefore, these properties make it easier to penetrate tumor nodules, which has been challenging for adoptive T-cell techniques. Moreover, macrophages can selectively destroy cancer cells via phagocytosis. In addition, macrophages exert multiple immune effector functions, participating in immune response, e.g. they can directly present antigens to T cells and stimulate an anti-tumor immune response when polarized towards the M1 phenotype. Given the attractive features of macrophages, our approach is to use the macrophages isolated from the blood and genetically engineer them to express a CAR - which means now we tell them what to eat - to set them loose on the tumor to destroy the malignant cells.
Fig.1 Macrophage polarization. (Bohlson, 2014)
With the approval of two CAR-T cell therapies in 2017, the CAR-T cell treatment has been a promising tool for the treatment of advanced hematologic malignancies. However, although a lot of CAR-T cell therapies are under preclinical evaluation, this approach has not been proved to be as successful in solid tumors. One of the limitations in solid tumors lies in the poor penetration of T cells into tumors. To address this need, talented scientists from Creative Biolabs turn to genetically engineered CAR-MA, also termed MOTO-CAR, aiming to improve the ability of CAR cells to attack solid tumors.
Empowered by state-of-the-art technologies and advanced platforms in the field of antibody discovery and immunotherapy, Creative Biolabs offers world-leading chimeric antigen receptor macrophage (CAR-MA) services for solid tumor treatment with academic purposes. With the help of rich experience and scientific teams in CAR-T therapy, Creative Biolabs is confident to offer one-stop serves of CAR-MA including but not limited to:
Over years in the field of immunotherapy, Creative Biolabs is more than happy to share our technologies, platforms, and experience to facilitate your projects and push the progress towards clinical trials. Please feel free to contact us for more details and our team will get back to you as soon as possible.
Use the resources in our library to help you understand your options and make critical decisions for your study.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) can combine the extracellular antigen recognition domain from antibodies with the immune cell signaling domain to redirect T cell specificity and induce potent antitumor activity. CAR is an artificial transmembrane receptor that connects the extracellular antigen recognition domain, hinge domain (HD), transmembrane domain (TMD), and intracellular signal transduction domain in series.
Macrophages are vital immune cells involved in phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and cytokine secretion. They originate from circulating monocytes or embryonic development. Macrophages, polarized into pro-inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 types, bridge innate and adaptive immunity. They function in defense, immune regulation, and cancer therapy by destroying tumor cells and activating other immune cells. Classified based on tissue of residence and environmental stimuli response, macrophages adapt their roles accordingly. Key therapeutic strategies include monoclonal antibodies targeting macrophages, adoptive transfer of engineered macrophages, and CAR-macrophage therapies. These approaches leverage macrophages' abilities to enhance immune responses and target tumors effectively.
Macrophages, widely distributed phagocytes, are crucial in innate and adaptive immunity. They develop from either bone marrow-derived monocytes or embryonic yolk sac regions. Adoptive transfer involves transplanting engineered immune cells, including macrophages, to study their therapeutic potential. Macrophage-based immunotherapy uses their phagocytic ability to target tumor cells and activate other immune cells, enhancing anti-tumor effects. CAR-macrophages, genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors, directly recognize and phagocytize tumor cells. Examples include HER2-CAR, PSMA-CAR, and EGFRvIII-CAR macrophages, which show promise in clinical trials for various cancers. This approach leverages macrophages' ability to infiltrate tumors, present antigens, and secrete pro-inflammatory factors, offering a synergistic anti-tumor effect. Despite challenges like macrophage plasticity and tumor microenvironment inhibition, CAR-macrophage therapy holds significant potential for cancer treatment.
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