Voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) play a vital role in regulating neuronal excitability, shaping action potentials, and modulating spike patterns. Mammalian neurons express a number of Kv channel subunits (>20), which are classified into 12 subfamilies based on their primary structures. They represent the largest and most diverse family of genes in the K+ channel family. Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B, also known as the Kv2 subfamily, is a family widely expressed in the central nervous system. It is composed of two members, namely potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1 (Kv2.1) and potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 2 (Kv2.2), with a similar structure in N-terminal and membrane-spanning domains (90% homology). It has been reported that Kv2.2 is diffusely localized in the dendrites of cortical and hippocampal pyramidal neurons, whereas Kv2.1 is localized in large clusters in the somata and proximal dendrites. In particular, Kv2.1 is widely expressed in mammalian brain where it is responsible for the majority of the delayed rectifier current in many neurons.
Here, we have described in details of members of the VGKC subfamily B, including both potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1 and potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 2. To learn more detailed information, please click the links below.
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