Additional functionality can be added by engineering exosomes to enhance their delivery, enhance their stability, and enhance their targeting capabilities. Such engineering transformation is divided into two ways, pre-loading and post-loading. Pre-loading of exosomes refers to the transfer of plasmids that express interest molecules and marker proteins on the exosome membrane into mother cells before the formation of exosomes. Interest molecules are then loaded onto the surface of exosomes by way of natural secretion by cells. This strategy enables exosomes to possess specific functional molecules before they are released into the external environment and can protect these molecules from degradation or inactivation. This strategy also facilitates the large-scale production of engineered exosomes.
For pre-loading of exosomes, Creative Biolabs provides cDNA plasmids of classic exosome marker protein to help customers develop engineered exosomes.