Stem Cell-derived Exosome Application
- Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

Overview Services Features FAQs

Although SC-Exo (Stem cell exosomes) have demonstrated promise in the treatment of PNI (peripheral nerve damage), further research is still needed to determine how beneficial they are. Creative Biolabs has accumulated insights and provided services on the application of SC-Exo in the repair of PNI.

Introduction to PNI and Intervention Strategies

Causes of PNI →	Mechanical injury	refers to compression, strain, or pressure on the nerve roots, such as postherpetic neuralgia and sciatica.
	Chemical injury	damage to nerve fibers is caused by accidental leakage or misuse of chemicals, such as formaldehyde poisoning.
	Ischemic-hypoxic injury	refers to peripheral nerve injury brought on by ischemia or hypoxia, such as peripheral neuritis and diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Several measures have been taken to address various causes of PNI, mainly including the following,

Enhancing neurotrophic factor synthesis and secretion to encourage the regeneration of neurons in damaged areas.
Inhibition of inflammatory responses.
Fostering myelin synthesis, axonal regeneration, and the restoration of neuronal conduction velocity.
Improvement of microcirculation.
Multiply microfilaments and microtubules to improve cell structure and function.

These measures are based on conservative treatment to help restore limb function. However, they are ineffective, with no postoperative pain relief and a severely reduced quality of life.

Fig.1 PNI intervention methods. Fig. 1 The treatments for PNI.^{1, 3}

What We Offer

We specialize in advanced research services focused on the application of stem cell-derived exosomes for the repair of peripheral nerve injuries. Our team employs cutting-edge techniques to isolate and characterize exosomes, ensuring high purity and functionality. We offer comprehensive support, including in vitro and in vivo studies, to evaluate the therapeutic potential of exosomes in promoting nerve regeneration, reducing inflammation, and enhancing functional recovery. Our collaborative approach allows us to tailor our services to meet the specific needs of your research project, ensuring impactful results.

SC-Exo Repair of PNI

SC-Exo implements the repair of PNI in particular through the following aspects.

Induction of angiogenesis SC-Exo can migrate towards peripheral nerve tissue and differentiate into nerve fibers (e.g. axons and myelin sheaths) to form new vascular structures. SC-Exo migrate into peripheral nerve tissue and induce angiogenesis, which can promote the formation of new endogenous vascular structures after nerve injury.	Promoting neural regeneration SC-Exo, which carries the miRNAs miRNA-9, miRNA-19, miRNA-219, and miRNA-222, is overexpressed in damaged axons and is essential for the Schwann cell as well as neurogenesis' healing process. Adipose SC-Exo carrying miRNA-222 promoted Schwann cell by targeting LASS2, and promoted PTEN expression for neurite outgrowth, further revealing the mechanism of SC-Exo.
Repairing the inflammatory microenvironment Adipose SC-Exo can inhibit microglia autophagy by delivering miRNA-30d-5p, thereby ultimately polarizing microglia to an antiinflammatory phenotype and thereby ameliorating neuronal injury.	Rescue of neuronal apoptosis SC-Exo upregulate anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 mRNA expression and downregulate proapoptotic Bax mRNA expression, and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax increases, reducing apoptosis of Schwann cells after PNI.

Fig.2 Exosomes aid neural regeneration. Fig. 2 Exosomes promote neural regeneration by regulating miRNA expression and activating PI3K/Akt.^{2, 3}

Creative Biolabs has a strong technology platform and a dedicated scientific team to help clients explore the function and mechanism of SC-Exo in the repair of PNI. Please contact us to learn more.

FAQs

Q: What specific mechanisms do stem cell-derived exosomes utilize to promote peripheral nerve regeneration?

A: SC-Exo can modulate the local microenvironment, promote Schwann cell proliferation, and enhance axonal growth. Understanding the specific signaling pathways activated by these exosomes is crucial for optimizing their therapeutic efficacy.

Q: How do the properties of exosomes derived from different stem cell sources compare in terms of their effectiveness for nerve repair?

A: Different stem cell sources yield exosomes with distinct molecular profiles. Comparative studies are essential to determine how these differences influence their regenerative capabilities, including their effects on neuronal survival, inflammation modulation, and myelination processes.

Q: Can exosomes derived from stem cells enhance the efficacy of existing nerve repair strategies, such as nerve grafts or conduits?

A: Yes, combining exosome therapy with traditional nerve repair techniques may synergistically enhance outcomes. Research is ongoing to explore how exosomes can be integrated into nerve grafts or conduits to improve cellular recruitment, reduce scar formation, and promote a more favorable microenvironment for nerve regeneration.

References

Lopes, Bruna, et al. "Peripheral nerve injury treatments and advances: one health perspective." International journal of molecular sciences 23.2 (2022): 918.
Namini, Mojdeh Salehi, et al. "Cell-free therapy based on extracellular vesicles: a promising therapeutic strategy for peripheral nerve injury." Stem Cell Research & Therapy 14.1 (2023): 254.
Under open access license CC BY 4.0. The image was modified by revising the title.