Endocrine Diseases

Based on the optimized and validated antibody analysis platform, Creative Biolabs offers comprehensive NAA services to make the best understanding for natural autoantibodies (NAA) related to the endocrine diseases. We offer tailored solutions for natural autoantibodies (NAA) detection and analysis to support clinical diagnosis and treatment, drug discovery and any other particular requirements.

Introduction of Endocrine Disease

The endocrine system is a complex network of glands that produce and release hormones, which play an important role in controlling various important body functions, including helping the body change calories into energy that powers cells and organs. In addition, the endocrine system affects the heart beats, bones and tissues grow, even the ability to make a baby. When the endocrine system lacks its functions, it will develop endocrine diseases that are disorders of the endocrine system, normally including diabetes, thyroid disease, growth disorders, sexual dysfunction, and a host of other hormone-related disorders.

Types of Endocrine Diseases

Broadly speaking, endocrine disorders can be subdivided into three groups:

  1. Endocrine gland hyposecretion (leading to hormone deficiency);
  2. Endocrine gland hypersecretion (leading to hormone excess);
  3. Tumours (benign or malignant) of endocrine glands.

Endocrine system disorders are often quite complex because of the complicated feedback mechanisms involved in the endocrine system, involving a mixed situation of hyposecretion and hypersecretion.

The endocrine system. Fig.1 Main endocrine glands. (Pironti, et al., 2021)

NAA Associated Type 1 Diabetes: Type 1 diabetes also known as diabetes mellitus type 1, is a form of diabetes mellitus in which very little or no insulin is produced by the pancreas. Diabetes is the most common endocrine disorder in the world, the diabetes mellitus type 1 makes up an estimated 5-10% of all diabetes cases. Although it is estimated that about 80,000 children develop the disease per year, the number of people affected globally is unknown.

NAA Associated Thyroiditis: Thyroiditis is a group of endocrine disorders that cause thyroidal inflammation in the thyroid gland. Thyroid autoimmune diseases represent more than 30% of all organ-specific autoimmunity. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is the first described and most common organ-specific autoimmune disease, Graves’ disease is a non-destructive form of thyroid autoimmunity, have led to a new model of autoimmune target destruction in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

Hyperthyroidism: This endocrine disorder due to the thyroid gland secretes too much thyroid hormone, results in weight loss, fast heart rate, sweating, and nervousness. The most common case for an overactive thyroid is an autoimmune disorder called Grave's disease.

Hypothyroidism: If the thyroid gland without the ability to produce enough thyroid hormone, which leads to fatigue, constipation, dry skin, and depression. The underactive gland can cause slowed development in children. Some types of hypothyroidism are present at birth.

Adrenal insufficiency: This disease occurs because of the adrenal gland releases too little cortisol or aldosterone hormone. Those symptoms generally including fatigue, stomach upset, dehydration, and skin changes. Such as the Addison's disease is a type of adrenal insufficiency.

Other endocrine disorders include Cushing's disease; Gigantism (acromegaly) and other growth hormone problems; Multiple endocrine neoplasia I and II (MEN I and MEN II); Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); Precocious puberty.

NAA Detection Associated With Endocrine Disease

Self-reactive immunity is generally for defense of the body in normal state and disease. For the IgM isotype natural autoantibodies, which is polyreactive, moderate intrinsic affinity but high avidity for self-antigens, contributes to the enhancement of innate functions, prevent pathogenic processes and maintain or restore health status. However, the pathogenic IgG autoantibodies with high-affinity and high specificity binds self-proteins and frequently cause autoimmune diseases. Therefore, the NAA detection is so important in medicine development and diseases diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic intervention in autoimmune and malignant diseases.

Features

Creative Biolabs is an expert who provides remarkable NAA services. Our professional academic team has concentrated on the research and development of antibody realm for over decades and successfully contributed a range of services specifically tailored to antibody analytics. With our well-established NAA detection platform, Creative Biolabs is dedicated to helping you detect autoantibodies using readily available or customized immunochemical detection methods in a timely and cost-effective manner. We are confident in applying our experience, industry and regulatory knowledge to design actual strategic packages pertinent to customers’ project. Please feel free to contact us for more information and a detailed quote.

Reference:

  1. Pironti, C.; et al. Endocrine-disrupting compounds: An overview on their occurrence in the aquatic environment and human exposure. Water. 2021, 13(10): 1347.

Choosing natural autoantibody (NAA) microarray to profile autoantibody repertoire and reveal novel disease's marker.

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