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Solute Carrier Family 19

Solute Carrier Family 19 (SLC19), also known as the folate/thiamine transporter family, is a family of three transporter proteins with significant structural similarities, transporting, but have a different structure and ionic charge. The three members of the SLC19 family are commonly expressed and mediate the transport of two important water-soluble vitamins, folate and thiamine. SLC19A1 transports folate and its derivatives that exist as anions at physiological pH, while SLC19A2 and SLC19A3 transport thiamine, which exists as a cation at physiological pH. However, one functional feature is common among these three types of transporters. All of these are energized by a transmembrane pH gradient but with different mechanisms. Folate transporter also mediates the transport of methotrexate, an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent. Since folate and thiamine play important roles in cellular metabolism, the transporters of the SLC19 gene family are of great biological importance, and, therefore, disruptions of the functions of these transporters by genetic mutations can be expected to result in serious clinical complications.

Proposed transport mechanisms for the members of the SLC19 gene family. Fig.1 Proposed transport mechanisms for the members of the SLC19 gene family. (Ganapathy, 2004)

Here show the three members of the SLC19 family of solute carriers: a folate transporter (SLC19A1) and two thiamine transporters (SLC19A2 and SLC19A3).

Human SLC19 Members
SLC19A1 SLC19A2 SLC19A3

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Reference

  1. Ganapathy V, et al. (2004). SLC19: the folate/thiamine transporter family. Pflugers Arch. 447(5): 641-6.

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