AQP7 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of AQP7

AQP7, encoded by AQP7 gene, is a water-selective membrane channel, which contains 6 transmembrane domains and an intracellular N and C termini. AQP7 gene is mapped to chromosome 9p13.3. As an aquaglyceroporin permeated by water and glycerol, AQP7 is in rat testis seminiferous tubules and on the plasma membrane of late spermatids, indicating that AQP7 participants in the late stages of spermatogenesis. The deduced amino acid sequences of human AQP7 is 67% identical to mouse AQP7.

Basic Information of AQP7
Protein Name	Aquaporin-7
Gene Name	AQP7
Aliases	Aquaglyceroporin-7, Aquaporin adipose, AQPap, Aquaporin-7-like
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	O14520
Transmembrane Times	6
Length (aa)	342
Sequence	MVQASGHRRSTRGSKMVSWSVIAKIQEILQRKMVREFLAEFMSTYVMMVFGLGSVAHMVLNKKYGSYLGVNLGFGFGVTMGVHVAGRISGAHMNAAVTFANCALGRVPWRKFPVYVLGQFLGSFLAAATIYSLFYTAILHFSGGQLMVTGPVATAGIFATYLPDHMTLWRGFLNEAWLTGMLQLCLFAITDQENNPALPGTEALVIGILVVIIGVSLGMNTGYAINPSRDLPPRIFTFIAGWGKQVFSNGENWWWVPVVAPLLGAYLGGIIYLVFIGSTIPREPLKLEDSVAYEDHGITVLPKMGSHEPTISPLTPVSVSPANRSSVHPAPPLHESMALEHF

Function of AQP7 Membrane Protein

Facilitating water, glycerol and urea transport, AQP7 has been reported to participant in various physiological processes. It is documented that AQP7 can be expressed in pancreatic β-cells, where it may transport urea and glycerol, resulting in a similar β-cell swelling, activation of the volume-regulated anion channel and insulin secretion, triacylglycerol synthesis and proliferation of these endocrine cells. So, transgenic AQP7-knockout mice have been used to develop into adult-onset obesity and hyperinsulinemia model. In addition, AQP2 up-regulation and AQP7 down-regulation in the rat inner ear caused by vasopressin induce an increased production and a decreased absorption of endolymph, leading to Endolymphatic Hydrops. It is reported that lack of AQP7 expression in sperm may be an underlying mechanism of male infertility. AQP7 is also associated with Glycerol Quantitative Trait Locus and Chronic Closed-Angle Glaucoma.

Fig.1 AQP7 and AQP9 function in glucose homeostasis. (Jin, 2017)

Application of AQP7 Membrane Protein in Literature

Lebeck J., et al. Increased AQP7 abundance in skeletal muscle from obese men with type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2018, 315(3):E367-E373. PubMed ID: 29783856

This article reveals that AQP7 protein abundance in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) or skeletal muscle are not affected by meal intake. SAT AQP7 expression is not involved in the regulation of adipose tissue lipolysis, however, skeletal muscle AQP7 abundance contributes to the excess lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes.
Mendez-Gimenez L., et al. Pancreatic Aquaporin-7: A Novel Target for Anti-diabetic Drugs? Front Chem. 2018, 6: 99. PubMed ID: 29675407

This article verifies the role of aquaporins in the physiology and pathophysiology of the pancreas and concludes the role of pancreatic AQP7 as a novel player in the control of β-cell function and a potential anti-diabetic-drug.
Iena F.M and Lebeck J. Implications of Aquaglyceroporin 7 in Energy Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci. 2018, 19(1). PubMed ID: 29300344

The article demonstrates that AQP7 acts as a significant modulator of glycerol metabolism in a wide range of tissues and plays essential roles in whole-body energy balance and the pathophysiology of obesity as well as the development of insulin resistance.
Jin B., et al. Tissue-specific effects of estrogen on glycerol channel aquaporin 7 expression in an ovariectomized mouse model of menopause. Climacteric. 2017, 20: 385-390. PubMed ID: 28489425

This article suggests that AQP7 expression is affected by tissue-specific estrogen, which alters the balance of adipocyte metabolism between adipose tissue depots.

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Reference

Jin B, et al. (2017). Tissue-specific effects of estrogen on glycerol channel aquaporin 7 expression in an ovariectomized mouse model of menopause. Climacteric. 20, 385-390.

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