Therapeutic Exosomes for Kidney Diseases

Kidney diseases involve multiple aspects of metabolic disorders, infection, and inflammation, which severely affect the maintenance and regulation of normal physiological functions. Exosomes from multiple sources can deliver broad yet sustained renal benefits to treat kidney diseases and have demonstrated applications in multiple disease models. Creative Biolabs is providing customized research services on therapeutic exosomes for various kidney diseases.

Overview

Exosomes, which encase a wealth of active cargo, have a profound impact on kidney diseases by circulating between vascular, renal, and inflammatory cell populations. In mediating cellular communication, exosomes expel intra- and supramembrane components that include a greater proportion of membrane proteins compared to donor cells, facilitating integration towards target cells. Researchers have demonstrated the relevance of exosomes to renal physiology, involving water and sodium ion reabsorption, immune urinary tract infection, and proximal and distal signaling. Meanwhile, therapeutic strategies based on exosomal agents have been applied in various kidney diseases models, including diabetes, renal failure, acute kidney injury (AKI), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, the development of exosomes for alleviating kidney diseases is of great interest in restoring metabolic function in patients.

Exosome Solutions for Kidney Diseases

The multiple sources of therapeutic exosomes are under continuous investigation. Exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are plausible for the repair of damaged tubules, and their complex therapeutic mechanisms are being explored in mice. For example, enriched high concentrations of CCR2 bind to free CCL2 and inhibit the infiltration of immune cells and the production of pro-inflammatory factors. Its inhibition of fibrous-like formation in renal tubular epithelial cells was associated with miR-let7c. In addition, the delivered miR-199a-3p plays an important role in the rescue of apoptosis and injury. Exosomes from renal tubular epithelial cells improved the renal epithelial and vascular network, inhibited pro-inflammatory, pro-fibrotic and oxidative stress pathways, and restored the dynamic balance of the renal microenvironment. Proteomic analysis identified a significant improvement of 377 renal proteins by exosomal intervention. Urine-derived stem cell-derived exosomes promoted renal survival and vascular regeneration in early diabetes, which was associated with their delivery of EGF and angiopoietin to the kidney. Also, miR-21, one of the exosome cargoes, was found to enhance insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells as well as renal tissue regeneration pathways. In conclusion, the consensus of multiple studies is that the therapeutic effects of exosomal agents are broad, correcting critical lesions and preventing the loss of renal function.

Fig.1 Mechanisms of MSC-exosomes in renal regeneration. (Jin, 2021)

Therapeutic Exosomes Development Services for Various Kidney Diseases at Creative Biolabs

Functional analysis and validation has demonstrated the therapeutic potential of multiple sources of exosomes for kidney diseases in situ. At Creative Biolabs, with our world-leading scientists and well-established exosome research platform, we are able to provide customized services related to exosome therapeutic agents for kidney diseases. Please contact us to meet your customized needs.

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