Vaccines for Chicken Anemia Virus

accines play an increasingly important role in the prevention and control of diseases and the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases. Creative Biolabs has been committed to the development and production of new vaccines for many years and can meet the various needs of customers.

Vaccines for Chicken Anemia Virus

Chicken Anemia Virus

Chicken anemia virus (CAV), a genus of Gyrovirus, belonging to the Circoviridae family, is distributed worldwide and poses a serious economic threat to broiler and specific pathogen-free (SPF) egg production industries. CAV causes damage to the hematopoietic and lymphocyte tissues in the young chickens, leading to anemia, immunosuppression and systemic lymphadenopathy. Thymus atrophy and fat to yellow to pink bone marrow are the most consistent and characteristic lesions in CAV-infected chickens, respectively. CAV is transmitted through contaminated feathers and induces apoptosis in thymocytes and myeloid progenitor cells of young chickens. Chicken is the only recognized natural host, but serological surveys indicate that the disease is common in poultry and wild birds.

Vaccines for Chicken Anemia Virus

The CAV capsid contains three viral proteins (VP1, VP2 and VP3). The structural protein VP1 carries a key epitope responsible for the induction of neutralizing antibodies and is considered to be a good candidate for vaccine development. VP2 is a scaffold protein that helps VP1 form the correct conformation and expose its neutralizing epitope. Both VP1 and VP2 are targets for neutralizing antibodies. VP3 is a non-structural protein called apoptin.

Inactivated Vaccines

One of the major determinants of CAV virulence is the amino acid at position 394 of the major capsid protein VP1; highly pathogenic isolates tend to have glutamine at this position, while less pathogenic isolates contain histamine acid. The strains GD-G-12 and GDE-12 have glutamine at position 394. If one of these isolates is pathogenic, it can be used as a candidate for the preparation of an inactivated vaccine in vivo, which protects against virulent CAV strains. The virulence of GDE-12 in the body has not been studied. The strain GDG-12 is toxic in the body, leading to weight loss, thymus gland atrophy, and lymphocyte depletion. Therefore, GD-G-12 may be a new candidate vaccine that can prevent CAV infection. The specific process is as follows:

Vaccines for Chicken Anemia Virus

Subunit Vaccine

VP1 is thought to be a good candidate for use as an antigen for subunit vaccine development. Although there are many neutralizing epitopes in VP1, their immunogenicity is poor. Studies have shown that it should be combined with some good adjuvants to enhance the immunogenicity necessary for vaccine development. Humoral immunity induced by a subunit vaccine containing recombinant VP1 (rVP1) and the adjuvant pigeon interferon-γ (rPiIFN-γ) is initiated 10 days after the initial immunization and reached a high titer after the second immunization. This subunit vaccine shows faster and higher levels of antibody titers compared to the inactivated vaccine. In conclusion, recombinant protein rVP1 + rPiIFN-γ can provide a new strategy vaccine against CAV in chickens. The specific process is as follows:

Vaccines for Chicken Anemia Virus

DNA Vaccine

Plasmid DNA-based vaccines have become one of the most promising applications for non-viral gene therapy. DNA vaccines are safer than other traditional vaccines and have the potential for simultaneous immunization against multiple antigens or pathogens. More importantly, they stimulate humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, making them effective vaccines for viral and bacterial pathogens. Co-expression of VP1 and VP2 is required for the induction of neutralizing antibodies that protect progeny chicks from CAV challenge, and thus, DNA plasmids co-expressing VP1 and VP2 encoding CAV can be used as potential DNA vaccines against CAV.

Creative Biolabs has many years of experience and a professional team in the development and production of various types of vaccines. We can provide you with one-stop services including vaccine design, vector construction, protein expression and antibody detection. Please feel free to contact us if you need it.


All of our products can only be used for research purposes. These vaccine ingredients CANNOT be used directly on humans or animals.


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All of our products can only be used for research purposes. These vaccine ingredients CANNOT be used directly on humans or animals.

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