Grapefruit-derived Exosome Research and Application

Grapefruit-derived exosomes have not only exhibited the potential to modulate mammalian cellular inflammation in studies but have also been shown to possess the ability to resist acidic gastric environments and act as carriers that can improve drug stability. Creative Biolabs has accumulated a broad research landscape of fruit-derived exosomes to support our clients' exosome-related projects.

Features of Grapefruit-derived Exosomes

Donor grapefruit as a widely consumed fruit can support large-scale extraction of exosomes.
Embrace a wide range of bioactive ingredients, including polyphenols, carotenoids, and polysaccharides.
Grapefruit-derived exosomes are resistant to acidic gastric environments, making them useful as carriers for ectopic delivery of drugs.
Additional protection for unstable and easily metabolized drugs, delivering antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits.

Fig. 1 Transmission electron microscopy detection of isolated grapefruit-derived exosomes.¹

Grapefruit-derived Exosomes Research Cases

Research items	Methods	Conclusion
Characterization	NTA and DLS	One study extracted 2 × 10¹² particles vesicles with exosome-like size and morphology from 100 mL of grapefruit juice.²
Loading of exogenous cargoes	Active and passive approaches combined	Loading of HSP70 protein into grapefruit-derived exosomes was achieved by combining the passive approach of overnight incubation of exosomes with cargoes with the active loading approach of postincubation sonication.²
Delivery efficiency	Measurement of fluorescently labeled protein signals	Grapefruit-derived exosomes delivering HSP70 protein had a high accumulation efficiency in glioma cells, potentially optimizing the protective effect of HSP70 on cells and improving chemosensitivity.²
Action toxicity	Cell viability assay	Grapefruit-derived exosomes did not impair target cell viability.²
Cellular uptake	Fluorescent labeling to trace exosomes	Grapefruit-derived exosomes were uptaken by intestinal macrophages and stem cells,3 and were internalized through macropinocytosis and clathrin-dependent mechanisms.¹
Functional effects	Histological staining	Grapefruit-derived exosomes have the ability to promote the expression of Nrf2 nuclear translocation and Wnt signaling activation genes, favoring intestinal homeostasis.¹

Fig. 2 Grapefruit-derived exosomes promote Nrf2 nuclear translocation and Wnt signaling.¹

Grapefruit-derived exosomes have demonstrated a role as oral agents in modulating inflammation and maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and have also shown promise in these areas. Creative Biolabs provides a professional service platform to assist in exosome research. Please contact us if you are interested.

References

Wang, Baomei, et al. "Targeted drug delivery to intestinal macrophages by bioactive nanovesicles released from grapefruit." Molecular Therapy 22.3 (2014): 522-534.
Kilasoniya, Alina, et al. "Potential of Plant Exosome Vesicles from Grapefruit (Citrus× paradisi) and Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Juices as Functional Ingredients and Targeted Drug Delivery Vehicles." Antioxidants 12.4 (2023): 943.
Mu, Jingyao, et al. "Interspecies communication between plant and mouse gut host cells through edible plant derived exosome‐like nanoparticles." Molecular nutrition & food research 58.7 (2014): 1561-1573.

Plant Exosome Isolation