FXYD domain-containing ion transport regulator is a family of small transmembrane proteins which share a 35-amino acid signature sequence domain, beginning with the sequence PFXYD and containing 7 invariant and 6 highly conserved amino acids. FXYD family performs fine tuning of ion transport through associating with and modulating the pump activity of Na+, K+-ATPase molecules and modifying the activity of ion channels. In mammals, the FXYD family contains seven members including FXYD1 (phospholemman), FXYD2 (the gamma-subunit of Na+, K+-ATPase), FXYD3 (Mat-8), FXYD4 (corticosteroid hormone-induced factor), FXYD5 (dysadherin), FXYD6 (phosphohippolin) and FXYD7. These proteins are predominantly expressed in specific tissues to modulate Na+, K+-ATPase activity, and precisely adjust the physiological ion balance of the tissues.
Below are some of FXYD domain-containing ion transport regulator proteins in humans. The FXYD family members have been shown to be implicated in various physiological mechanisms and related diseases, such as maintaining the excitability of neurons, metastasis. And thus, these proteins have been linked to a variety of cancers, including breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, urothelial cancer, colon cancer.
Human FXYD Domain-containing Ion Transport Regulator Members | |||
FXYD1 | FXYD2 | FXYD3 | FXYD4 |
FXYD5 | FXYD6 | FXYD7 |
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