Bovine Leukemia Virus Vaccine
Creative Biolabs is a world leader in the field of vaccine development and can offer high-quality viral vaccines for use in prevention of viral infections. By consistently delivering the highest standards of quality, professionalism, and integrity, we want to become the partner of a choice for your requirements. Bovine leukemia virus is a retrovirus which causes enzootic bovine leukosis in cattle. With our extensive experience and advanced platform, we are therefore confident in offering the best vaccine development services against bovine leukemia virus.
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is an oncogenic member belonging to the Deltaretrovirus genus, sharing structural homologies with human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1). The viruses within this genus share a common ancestry, genomic organization, and the propensity to induce lymphoproliferative disease in the host animal. The BLV genome includes essential structural protein and enzyme-coding genes which called gag, pro, pol, and env, with essential and indispensable roles in the viral lifecycle, and also contains a pX region, flanked by two identical long terminal repeats. BLV infects lymphocytes and integrates a DNA intermediate as a provirus into the genome of the cells and is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) in cattle. BLV naturally infects cattle, inducing a persistent infection with diverse clinical outcomes. It infects cattle worldwide and causes important economic losses.
Fig.1 Schematic structure of (a) the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) genome and (b) the viral particle. (Barez PY, 2015)
Live Attenuated BLV Vaccines
It was demonstrated that the G4 gene is required for BLV propagation and pathogenicity in vivo. The pathogenic potential is strongly decreased if not completely abrogated by the deletion of G4. Therefore, a virus deleted in G4 gene could be used for the design of a live vaccine. There are two different types of live attenuated BLV variants (DX and 6073) to protect cattle and sheep against a heterologous wild-type BLV challenge. These strains used as vaccines were detectable during the post-challenge period and show effective protection against BLV infection after vaccination. It was reasonable to hypothesize that attenuated variants such as the R3-G4 deletion mutant or BLV 6073 could be of potential use for vaccination. The results indicate that the immune response directed towards the two attenuated viruses were able to protect sheep against a challenge infection and further prove the potential use for vaccination.
Subunit BLV Vaccines
A significant breakthrough in vaccinology arose from the use of recombinant DNA technology, allowing the expression of large quantities of viral proteins or the development of synthetic vaccines. Among the trials based on these technologies, the use of vaccinia virus-based vectors producing the subunit protein of BLV in its native configuration was quite encouraging. Recombinant vaccinia virus vaccine expressing gp51 and/or gp30 was indicated as a very promising protective vaccine against BLV infection. In addition, the BLV envelope glycoprotein (gp60) and the main structural protein p24 also plays a major role in protective immunity to protect cattle against BLV-induced leukaemia. These subunit proteins all have the huge potential in immunization and give the options for BLV vaccine development.
Creative Biolabs is a highly proactive, robust, and diversified company with a strong, scientifically-proven background of viral vaccine development. We have experts who are able to help you with the vaccine development against bovine leukemia virus. Our scientists are confident in offering the best services and products upon request!
Reference
- Barez PY; et al. (2015). “Recent advances in BLV research.” Viruses. 7(11), 6080-6088.
All of our products can only be used for research purposes. These vaccine ingredients CANNOT be used directly on humans or animals.
