Targeting Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as an epidemic worldwide, Diabetic cases increased rapidly in recent years throughout the world. However, the treatment of DM is limited by inconvenient and troublesome medication systems to effectively and safely deliver drugs to a specific site. Fortunately, novel target drug delivery systems present promising and effective therapeutic approaches have been developed actively. With years of experience in the field of drug delivery system development, Creative Biolabs provides comprehensive targeted delivery services for diabetes, and our professional scientists will help you promote your DM therapy research.

Diabetes

DM is an endocrine disorder caused by lower insulin secretion or lower binding efficiency of insulin on their cell surface receptors, which results in high blood glucose level. Insulin is a pancreatic hormone produced by beta cells of islets of the pancreas. It indirectly involves in food metabolism in the body by either stimulating or inhibiting the enzymes during the metabolic processes. Commonly, symptoms of diabetes are characterized by excessive weight loss, polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia. Diabetes is divided into two main types, type 1 and type 2. Type 1 DM is insulin dependent condition, presenting deficiency of insulin due to the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of islets of Langerhans by autoimmune system in pancreas. While, type 2 DM is non-insulin dependent DM, the cause of type 2 DM is disturbed insulin action in the body which may be due to abnormal β-cells, down regulation of insulin receptors, or maybe due to the higher amount of glucagon.

Fig.1 Diabetes classifications and approaches for management.¹

Delivery System Targeting Diabetes

Oral hypoglycemic agents in their conventional dosage forms show many limitations, such as small duration of action due to their short half-lives, frequent dosing, risk of hypoglycemia, low bioavailability and high protein binding in some cases. To avoid these problems, different novel and controlled delivery systems have been investigated by many researchers worldwide. Novel drug delivery systems such as the nanoparticulate carrier systems, microparticulate and lipid-based carriers are becoming trendy in recent years, because they offer palpable benefits in terms of reduced dosing frequency, increased bioavailability, prevention from degradation specifically against the harsh gastric environment, site-specificity and reduced side effects.

Fig.2 Potential approach of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cell in diabetes mellitus and diabetic complication repair.²

Microparticle-based diabetes therapy allows tailored drug release to the specific treatment site and formulation of various drug-polymer combinations. The system helps in maintaining the therapeutic concentration of drugs in plasma for a longer period of time by controlling their release. There are various types of microparticulate systems, such as magnetic microparticles, solid lipid microparticles, biological microparticles, metal-based and polymeric microparticles. Nanoparticulate systems have relatively higher intracellular uptake, nano size distribution, site-specificity and excellent protection to peptides, and these properties make them become a suitable carrier in delivering antidiabetic drugs. Vesicular systems have been widely used in antidiabetic drug delivery due to the presence of lipid bilayer like arrangement similar to the cell membrane. They have been reported to deliver a variety of drugs via transdermal route, and as a carrier of insulin, they improved the proteolytic stability in gastrointestinal tract.

What Can We Do for You?

Targeted delivery systems are playing an essential role in diabetes treatment due to their numerous advantages in antidiabetic drug delivery. As one of the leading service providers in targeted delivery, Creative Biolabs provides a full range of targeted delivery services and module delivery systems to help your diabetes therapeutic research in a timely and cost-effective manner. If you are interested in our service, please do not hesitate to contact us for more details.

References

1. Liu, Yuntao, et al. "Emerging theranostic nanomaterials in diabetes and its complications." Advanced Science 9.3 (2022): 2102466.
2. Sun, Yaoxiang, et al. "The utility of exosomes in diagnosis and therapy of diabetes mellitus and associated complications." Frontiers in Endocrinology 12 (2021): 756581.

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