Targeting Nucleus

Subcellular organelle-specific target is of significant importance for improving treatment efficiency. An ideal therapeutic effect can be accomplished by combining the module targeting cell surface and nucleus-specific targeting functions through our module delivery systems. With the help of module targeting cell surface and nucleus, therapeutic agents could be specifically delivered into the nucleus. Creative Biolabs now provides a wide range of targeted delivery services for disease diagnosis and treatment.

Nucleus

The nucleus is the control center of the eukaryotic cell. Various drugs act on DNA to prevent its replication and to decrease or inhibit transcription of a variety of important genes. However, a therapeutic drug, even if delivered inside the target cell, often fails to reach its subcellular target. For example, only 0.1% of free plasmids from cytosol were able to translocate into the nucleus by crossing the nuclear membrane. Additionally, proliferating cells causing disease (such as in tumors) acquire genetic changes which may make them resistant to a particular drug, resulting in the production of new daughter cells that are also drug-resistant. Thus, there is a need for novel drug delivery systems that may directly and effectively deliver drugs into the nucleus to achieve effective cell growth inhibition and circumvent the effect of adverse drug reactions.

Fig.1 Schematic illustration of nucleus-targeting nanodrugs for enhancing PDT and PTT.¹

Nuclear Targeting Strategy

The nuclear localization signal (NLS) has been reported to have a high affinity for nuclear pore complexes and is thus capable of overcoming the barrier posed by double-layered nuclear envelopes. Nucleus-targeted delivery can play an important role in disease treatment and NLS has been extensively used for coupling cargoes like protein, peptide, DNA, and oligonucleotide.

The nucleus is another subcellular compartment that can be specifically targeted by modified cell penetrating peptides (CPPs). One of the common strategies to improve the nuclear delivery of CPP-fused cargoes is to add a NLS to the conjugates. Recently, a nucleolin binding peptide (NBP) was reported to deliver macromolecules including recombinant protein, fluorophores and DNA to the nuclei of ocular tissues in vivo. Pegylated NBP nanoparticles could further improve nuclear delivery and the expression of transgenes. Morover, research showed that NBP might be a useful tool for therapeutic delivery to eyes.

What Can We Do for you?

Equipped with our well-established module delivery systems and advanced platforms, we provide either individual targeting modules or different kinds of module-payload/carrier conjugates targeting the nucleus. A wide spectrum of corresponding products are also available for your choice.

To enhance the therapeutic effect, many therapeutic agents need to be localized in particular subcellular organelles. Creative Biolabs has gained abundant experience in the field of targeted delivery. Our professional scientists provide high-quality nucleus-targeting delivery services for our worldwide customers. If you are interested in our services, please don’t hesitate to contact us for more information.

Reference

1. Long, Xingyu, et al. "Nucleus-targeting phototherapy nanodrugs for high-effective anti-cancer treatment." Frontiers in Pharmacology 13 (2022): 905375.

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