Stem Cell-derived Exosome Application
- Placental MSC Source

PMSC-Exos can promote angiogenesis, inhibit apoptosis, and reduce inflammation, making them a promising therapeutic option for various vascular diseases. PMSC-Exos efficiently promote vascular remodeling in animal models of hindlimb ischemia. More interestingly, PMSC-Exos not only improved myocardial fibrosis in the mouse model of myocardial infarction but also positively regulated the composition ratio of various microorganisms in the intestine, which suggested that the intestinal flora balance regulated by PMSC-Exos plays an important role in the treatment of myocardial infarction.

PMSC-Exos have neuroprotective effects, which makes them a potential treatment option for neurological diseases. SCI rats treated with PMSC-Exos for up to 60 days showed significant improvements in locomotor and urinary function, which may be due to the promotion of neural stem cell activity by PMSC-Exos.

PMSC-Exos are rich in regeneration regulators and inflammation regulators, and play a powerful repair role in the treatment of various tissue injuries. PMSC-Exos may down-regulate the activity of Engrailed-1 by inhibiting the activation of Yes-related signaling pathways, thereby accelerating the healing speed of rat skin wounds. In a high-fat-induced obesity mouse model, PMSC-Exo can significantly alleviate liver injury by regulating Let-7i-5p-related inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial activity signaling pathways.

PMSC-Exos have long been attracted to skincare research based on their excellent regenerative ability. In a volunteer trial, whether PMSC-Exos was injected alone or mixed with auxiliary ingredients such as botulinum toxin, hyaluronic acid, and calcium hydroxyapatite, PMSC-Exos could improve skin quality in patients with different skin problems.

PMSC-Exos is an excellent regulator of inflammatory factors. Since PMSCs lack MCH class II antigens, there have been case reports showing that chronic skin graft-versus-host disease with severe inflammatory reactions resolved all symptoms and did not recur after receiving PMSC-Exos treatment. The addition of PMSC-Exos inhibited the senescence process of senescent cholangiocyte organoids, which provides a new strategy for the treatment of diseases such as primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cirrhosis.

PMSC-Exos derived from patients with gestational diabetes mellitus carry a large amount of miR-130b-3p, which may inhibit the cell-mediated vascular remodeling by inhibiting the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in umbilical cord vein endothelial cells. This provides a new focus for the diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes.

As an intercellular communication mediator and inherited regenerative properties, PMSC-Exos are an excellent drug delivery vehicle. PMSC-Exos with low expression of miR-4450 constructed by endogenous modification can significantly inhibit the apoptosis and inflammation of nucleus pulposus cells by restoring the expression of ZNF121, thereby alleviating the process of intervertebral disc degeneration in mice.