In humans, complement component 2 (C2), a serum glycoprotein, is encoded by the C2 gene located on the short arm of chromosome 6. C2 functions as a multi-domain serine protease in the classical pathway of the complement system and plays a critical role in the immune response. After the cleavage by activated C1, C2 will separate into C2b and C2a, the latter will bind to the activated surface-bound C4b to create the C3 or C5 convertase in a Mg2+-dependent way. The hemolytic assay can be used to evaluate the strength and toxicity of different chemicals such as C2 and to quantify this capacity by the chemical-inducing lysis of red blood cells.
Fig.1 Hemolytic assay protocol for C2.
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