Overview of Typhoid
This disease is a common microbial infection caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria. It is worth noting that these bacteria only survived in humans. Typhoid patients carry the bacteria in their blood and intestines. Generally, they can be spread by polluted water and food. Once the contaminated material is eaten, the bacteria can proliferate and disseminate into the bloodstream. Infections can cause a variety of symptoms, including diarrhea, headaches, fever as well as fatigue. Additionally, few patients may be accompanied by the appearance of a skin rash. In some cases, the infection can lead to critical complications or even death. Currently, typhoid is still one of the main causes of infectious diseases morbidity and death.
Fig.1 The natural history of Salmonella typhi infection. (Everest, 2001)
Prevention and Treatment
The precaution and therapy of the disease have always been a wide concern. There are several ways to prevent typhoid. Improving sanitation and ensuring the safety of food resources are the most direct measures. In addition, reducing host susceptibility to infection using specific vaccines is also considered to be an effective approach. Over the years, two vaccines have played a vital role in preventing the disease. One is an injectable vaccine that relied on purified antigen, which is suitable for people over 2 years old and the other is an oral vaccine capsule, which is suitable for people over 5 years old. Furthermore, antibiotics are an effective strategy for treating typhoid, but improved resistance to distinct antibiotics has made it more intricate to treat typhoid.
Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) for Typhoid Toxin
At present, several toxin-neutralizing mAbs have been generated that are capable of protecting mice challenged with typhoid toxin. Studies have shown that diverse mAbs neutralize toxins through different mechanisms, which are pivotal for preventing toxins from reaching their intracellular targets. Taken together, these mAbs provide the basis for the development of effective antitoxin strategies, which may contribute to the treatment of severe typhoid fever.
Abs at Creative Biolabs
As a reputable and professional Ab supplier, our Ab products are strictly validated to ensure purity, specificity and quality. Creative Biolabs offers a broad range of cost-effective Abs that are validated for use in multiplexing. What's more, our Abs are specific for multiple species and can be widely used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting (WB), Immunohistochemistry (IHC) as well as Immunofluorescence (IF). Moreover, with decades of experience and an advanced platform, we can select the right fluorophore conjugates for your research according to your unique needs to promote your project progress. If you are interested in our anti-typhoid-related Ab products, please contact us promptly.
Please follow the link below for more details:
- Everest, P.; et al. The molecular mechanisms of severe typhoid fever. Trends in microbiology. 2001, 9(7): 316-320.